What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (2024)

Policymakers have started talking openly about the possibility of all physical money going the way of the copper coin

Author of the article:

Stephanie Hughes

Published May 06, 2022Last updated May 09, 20227 minute read

94 Comments

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (1)

Article content

Take one, leave one: the penny had been a regular part of Canadian cash for well over a century, sitting at the bottom of wallets, gracing tip jars, and being fished out of pockets to support local charities.

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

We apologize, but this video has failed to load.

Try refreshing your browser, or
tap here to see other videos from our team.

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money Back to video

We apologize, but this video has failed to load.

That was until the federal government decided to take the penny out of circulation in the 2012 federal budget, following a finance committee study that deemed the coin too expensive to produce and no longer necessary. The late finance minister Jim Flaherty pressed the last penny on May 4 of that year, marking the end of an era.

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (2)

By clicking on the sign up button you consent to receive the above newsletter from Postmedia Network Inc. You may unsubscribe any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link at the bottom of our emails or any newsletter. Postmedia Network Inc. | 365 Bloor Street East, Toronto, Ontario, M4W 3L4 | 416-383-2300

Article content

A decade later, Canada could be on the cusp of a far more radical shift in payments, as policymakers talk openly about the possibility of all physical money going the way of the copper coin. If that happens, lessons from the demise of the penny could help smooth the transition. Killing off a coin that most people have stopped using sounds simple, but it isn’t.

“I think it will be absolutely valuable going forward as less coins circulate,” Marie Lemay, chief executive of Royal Canadian Mint, said in an interview. “You need that intelligence.”

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (3)

The ten-year anniversary of the decision of former prime minister Stephen Harper’s government to end the penny comes at a time when money is quickly going digital and Canadians are less likely to carry cash and coin around with them.

Last year, the Bank of Canada signalled it was keeping an eye on the situation, as it accelerated its research on digital currencies, including a virtual dollar. “The world has been changing even faster than we expected,” said deputy governor Timothy Lane. “One scenario we have been watching is whether a sharp decline in the acceptance of cash reaches a tipping point in Canada,” he said. “We’ve already seen that as societies and economies modernize, cash has been losing ground to digital methods of payment — around the world and here at home.”

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

The central bank’s senior deputy governor, Carolyn Rogers, echoed this sentiment this week, saying that while the shift to digital payments is largely demographic, she could nonetheless see Canadians giving up cash altogether. “We can foresee a future where there is only digital currency, that’s possible,” Rogers said in an interview on May 3. “So, there ought to be a digital Canadian dollar in that case, and so that’s what we’re working on.”

The coin management system that helped guide Canadians into a post-penny economy is now actively helping all Canadians transition into the digital economy.

An important lesson from the penny’s demise is that some people cling to a unit of payment even as the majority moves on. That matters, because a central tenet of government tender is accessibility and universality. In other words, if a critical mass of Canadians want to keep using cash and coins, they should be able to do so. The Mint, thanks to its experience with slowly taking the penny out of circulation, has learned how to orchestrate a smooth transition. Lemay said her agency has become expert at pinpointing where there is demand for coins, and then ensuring there is enough supply in those places.

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

“You need to have that view into where (demand is) and you need that possibility to move them around to be able to make sure that people access coins and that we do it in a responsible and efficient manner,” she said.

Vibrant history

But before the penny became a case study in how the Mint will help usher in a world of digital payments, the coin had its own vibrant history that shows why some may have been reluctant to see it go.

When the penny was first minted in 1858, it was struck in the U.K. by the British Royal Mint, adorned by a maple leaf wreath. It wasn’t until the 1910s when the name “Canada” crossed its face a few years after the British government opened a Royal Mint in Ottawa.

Over the years, the design and makeup of the cent went through various iterations, including the 1936 “Dot Penny,” a collector’s item that came about as Edward VIII abdicated that same year and Canadian coin-makers were in the process of creating the new Royal design that would adorn the 1937 coin.

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (4)

The work on a new design for Edward VIII or his successor George VI hadn’t yet been finished, so to avoid a production gap, designers went with the likeness of the previous monarch, George V. The coin also featured the 1936 date with one distinguishing feature: a small dot beneath the date. Due to an over-production of pennies, most of these coins were melted down and only three remain — one of them trading for $400,000 at auction in 2010.

“The 1936 Dot Penny is a good illustration of the value of our coin management system,” said Mint spokesperson Alexandre Reeves. “Without adequate data and market intelligence, officials at the time could not estimate demand correctly. When the new George VI pennies were ready in late 1937, the still unused 1936 cents became obsolete. Think of it as a kind of sobering lesson.”

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

‘Extremely valuable for Canada’

Despite its various appearances, the penny maintained its role as the most fractional legal tender in the Canadian economy. The Royal Canadian Mint, which became a wholly Canadian institution and earned its name in 1931, officially opened up its Winnipeg coin production and circulation centre in 1976.

After the penny left Canadian circulation, it changed payments countrywide, as transactions were rounded up or down to the nearest five-cent level. It also evolved the Mint’s coin-management system.

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (5)

Lemay said it was because of Canada’s unique approach to coin management that allowed for the removal of billions of coins from circulation relatively painlessly.

“We work with the financial institutions, the armoured car carriers, and we monitor the coin use across the country in real time, and then we use that information to estimate the requirements we forecast,” Lemay said. “That system was in place when the penny removal happened and ten years later, it has been enhanced and it will continue to be extremely valuable for Canada as we move to a world where there will be more and more digital payments.”

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

The Mint had to iron out details months in advance to pull the coins out of circulation, ultimately leveraging a network of armoured trucks to collect billions of pennies and flatten them to extract their base metals, rendering them unusable as legal tender in a process called “demonetization.”

More than 7.4 billion coins have been redeemed to date, the bulk of which had been brought in during the first three years after the coin was taken out of circulation.

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (6)

Years after this process started, Lenard Cheung, senior director of the circulation team at the Mint, reflected on how the penny’s life and death illustrated Canadians’ relationships with coins.“In the olden days, a penny could buy a lot,” he said. “Now, we’re just seeing it used less frequently for that just because of the purchasing power.”

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

Cheung added the Mint and the Bank of Canada had been gauging how Canadians use money through a series of surveys, finding that the population’s relationship with cash varies greatly from demographic to demographic. For instance, Canadians with lower incomes are more likely to use cash than those with higher incomes, and rural communities are more cash-reliant than city folk.

Leave no one behind

Keeping track of attitudes towards coins also informs the Mint’s mandate of providing enough coins to the communities that rely on them the most. These surveys became particularly important for mapping out a post-pandemic cash economy, and whether Canadians would still rely on cash and coins to the same degree, said Canadian circulation senior manager Anthony Rotondo.

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Article content

The acceleration of e-commerce and the digitization of money during the pandemic may have given the impression that the country was moving closer to a cashless society. However, that may not be the case: Rotondo noted roughly eight out of ten Canadians surveyed still plan to use cash after the pandemic. “We like to hone in on those couple of key points, specifically when it comes to cash usage,” he said. “Those are going to be very good indicators, once we navigate out of the pandemic, of what we can expect.”

  1. Crypto has potential but it won’t usurp the loonie: Bank of Canada governor
  2. Bank of Canada’s Lane sees major role for private sector in making central bank digital currencies flourish
  3. Bank of Canada taps quantum computing startup to tackle complex financial problems
  4. What Biden’s executive order on crypto means for Canada’s crypto ecosystem

Advertisem*nt 11

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

Lemay, the Mint’s chief executive, said the shift to digital payments is similar to what happened when Canada gave up on the penny. She added that it’s the Mint’s role to support Canadians in this transition by ensuring the cash-dependent Canadians will have access to it for as long as they need it. There are a lot of Canadians who no longer have cash in their pockets, “but a lot of Canadians do, so we have to make sure that we’re not leaving anybody behind,” she said.

Understanding the penny’s past and how the country moved on from the copper coin is another step in the direction heading towards what relationship Canadians will have with their money in the future.

“I think that the coexistence of cash and digital payments and currency is the future and will allow the country to move forward and (these are) actually exciting times,” Lemay said.

• Email: shughes@postmedia.com | Twitter: StephHughes95

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (11)

Advertisem*nt

Story continues below

This advertisem*nt has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.

  1. Return of government employees to the office might signal death of full-time remote work

    Subscriber only

  2. Matthew Lau: Parliament’s economic blockheads weigh in on food prices
  3. Stephen Poloz: Coming recession seen as 'easy ride' compared to past downturns
  4. Inside Canada's national butter reserve, the government stockpile that ensures you can do your holiday baking

    Subscriber only

  5. Canada's economy is holding up better than expected — and that's not all good news

This Week in Flyers

What the death of the penny teaches us about the future of money (2024)

FAQs

What would happen if we eliminated the penny? ›

Pennies and nickels are the Mint's loss leader. They help create demand for more profitable coins in the cash economy. Eliminating pennies and nickels could make people think coins overall aren't useful. If we stop using all coins, the Mint will lose $400 million dollars of profit a year.

What is the purpose of the penny debate? ›

The main argument in favor of eliminating pennies is financial. Pennies are always worth one cent, but the costs of buying metal, stamping it into coins, and then sending the coins to banks changes all the time. According to the U.S. Mint, making a penny has cost more than one cent every year since 2006.

Are they going to get rid of the penny? ›

The short answer is no—or at least, not yet. The U.S. Mint has no plans to discontinue the penny, and such a move would require congressional approval. However, the “Penny Debate” continues in the United States, with pro- and anti-penny advocates both making some pretty solid points in their arguments.

Why do we still have the penny? ›

According to penny-advocacy group Americans for Common Cents, the vast majority of Americans favor keeping the lowly penny, which the group says fuels charitable giving — and it's true that penny drives do produce significant donations from people who don't mind emptying their penny jars for a good cause.

Should we save the penny? ›

The penny has practically no value and should be taken out of circulation just as other coins have been in US history. The process of making pennies is costly both financially and environmentally. Eliminating pennies would save time at the point of purchase without hurting customers or businesses financially.

How much money would we save if we get rid of the penny? ›

Retire the Penny. Retire the Penny is a commonsense, non-partisan coalition of individuals, businesses, and political leaders who understand that eliminating the penny from circulation could save the US government close to $85 million annually. The penny costs twice as much as to produce than it is worth.

What is the penny idea? ›

The general idea of a penny date is that you decide before you set out that you're going to flip a coin X number of times. Then you get in the car and begin driving, flipping the penny every time you come to a stop sign or stop light. If it lands on heads, you turn right; if it lands on tails, you turn left.

What does the penny symbolize? ›

It represents new beginnings, the start of a new chapter and a fresh start. It all depends on what you believe, of course. So, the next time you see a penny from Heaven in the course of your next stroll, be sure to pick it up.

What was the control in the penny experiment? ›

The independent variable in the experiment is the soap and the dependent variable in the experiment is the number of water drops on the surface of the penny. The control is the penny without soap.

How are pennies bad for the environment? ›

The store explains: Making pennies wastes natural resources and is toxic to people and the environment - Pennies are 3 percent copper, and 97 percent zinc and are primarily made from virgin ore. Making pennies from zinc and copper means mining for those materials.

What pennies should I keep? ›

Rare Pennies
  • 1914-S Lincoln Penny.
  • 1944-D Lincoln Penny (Zinc-coated steel)
  • 1909-S VDB Lincoln Penny.
  • 1872 Indian Head Penny.
  • 1969-S Lincoln Penny-Doubled Die Obverse.
  • 1926-S Lincoln Penny.
  • 1877 Indian Head Penny.
  • 1914-D Lincoln Penny.
Sep 17, 2022

Are 2022 pennies out yet? ›

The 2022 editions were released on March 17th, 2022.

When did we stop using the penny? ›

That was until the federal government decided to take the penny out of circulation in the 2012 federal budget, following a finance committee study that deemed the coin too expensive to produce and no longer necessary.

How many pennies are left in the world? ›

Today, approximately 150 billion pennies of the 288 billion in circulation are estimated to be in use.

Does a penny give you good luck? ›

Some believe that any found penny will bring good luck, while others believe that only a penny lying face-up should be picked up. The latter thought stems from an ancient belief that there is a battle between good and evil.

Is it smart to save coins? ›

You may not think a whole lot about your loose coins, but they can make a big impact on your life. By putting all your change away in a jar, you can save money over time to use on a new outfit or a nice dinner. You can even continue putting change in your jar and save for a larger purchase!

How do you save every penny you can? ›

  1. 9 Ways to Pinch Pennies Around the House. I'm certainly not an extreme frugalist. ...
  2. Eliminate Food Waste. ...
  3. Turn the Thermostat Up or Down. ...
  4. Don't Buy Expensive Cleaning Products. ...
  5. Hang Clothes to Dry. ...
  6. Drink Tap Water. ...
  7. Reduce Home Entertainment Costs. ...
  8. Clean Out Your Closet and Junk Drawer.
Dec 8, 2020

Why is paper money better than coins? ›

Comparatively, paper currency is easier to store than coins as it requires less space. There are a greater number of coins available in the world due to their long existence throughout history. Paper currency tends to be more expensive to purchase due to higher face values.

What happens if you save a penny every day? ›

Saving Money With the Penny Challenge

If you stick with this money-saving challenge for an entire year, you would deposit $3.65 on the last day of the challenge and you'd end up with a total of $667.95. (Trust us, we did the math.) That's $667.95 you could add to your emergency fund or use to pay down debt.

Is there anything worth less than a penny? ›

The lowest-value coin of all is the Tiyin from Uzbekistan. Some 3,038 equate to one UK penny (and 2,000 tot up to one US cent).

Where Is A penny for Your thoughts From? ›

First used by English statesman Sir Thomas More in his 1522 book Four Last Things, the idiom “A penny for your thoughts” has retained the same meaning for nearly 500 years.

Have A penny for Your thoughts meaning? ›

idiom. said when you want to know what another person is thinking, usually because they have been quiet for a while.

What can you do with a penny? ›

The Many Uses of a Penny
  • Check your Tire Tread Depth.
  • Turn Screws with a Penny.
  • Keep Cut Flowers Fresh for Longer.
  • Add Weight to Curtains.
  • Stabilize Wobbly Chairs and Tables.
  • Use as Spacers When Laying Tile.
  • Make a Cold Pack.
Apr 10, 2018

What is a penny personality? ›

easy-going and good-hearted. She prides herself on her social skills, vast knowledge of popular culture, and generally positive outlook.

Have a penny to my name meaning? ›

idiom (also not have two pennies to rub together) to be very poor.

What is penny in the Bible? ›

Penny [N] (Gr. denarion), a silver coin of the value of about 7 1/2d. or 8d. of our present money. It is thus rendered in the New Testament, and is more frequently mentioned than any other coin ( Matthew 18:28 ; Matthew 20:2 Matthew 20:9 Matthew 20:13 ; Mark 6:37 ; 14:5 , etc.).

What was the conclusion of the experiment with the pennies? ›

The hypothesis is rejected as the density of the pennies did not remain constant. The results show a 8% failure rate. This failure could be due to the makeup of the pennies.

How do you clean a penny hypothesis? ›

Hypothesis: If I put a copper penny in coca cola, soap and water, ketchup, white vinegar, and salt and vinegar will clean the copper penny the best because the vinegar and salt has the most acid.

What are the variables in the penny experiment? ›

#1. The independent variable in this experiment was the side of the penny. #2. The dependent variable in this experiment was the number of drops on a penny.

How is the penny bad for the economy? ›

The penny wastes money.

Mint produced almost 5 billion pennies—more than 60 percent of all coins made annually—at a cost more than twice their worth. A significant portion of the cost is for the zinc that makes pennies, which is why the zinc industry is paying its lobbyists six figures to keep the penny in production.

What penny has the most value? ›

A penny from 1909 was the star of the show. It is, in fact, considered one of the rarest and most highly valued pennies in existence, made to celebrate the centennial of Abraham Lincoln's birth and inscribed with the initials of its designer, Victor D. Brenner. It sold for $365,000.

What pennies are worth the most money and why? ›

One of these is the famous Birch Cent of 1792, named after engraver Robert Birch. This penny is worth the most of all examples ever made. The coin was a "large cent," about the size of a quarter, and there are only 10 known examples. One in excellent "gem" condition sold in 2015 for an astounding $2.6 million.

What type of penny is worth the most? ›

The Most Expensive Penny

Just 40 of the coins — probably created by accident, on copper-alloy one-cent blanks left in the presses in the wartime years when pennies were converted to steel — are known to exist. The first 1943 copper cent was sold in 1958 for more than $40,000.

What is the oldest penny? ›

America's first one-cent piece, called the "large cent," was first struck in 1793, one year after the Mint opened. It was so big that it was hard to use, but it wasn't replaced by a smaller penny until 1857, more than 50 years later.

How much is a mistake penny worth? ›

The value of an error cent varies according to factors such as how drastic the error is, the type of error, the scarcity of the coin, and its condition. Common error coins sell for around $2 to $50. Examples such as the 1943 Bronze Lincoln Penny are extremely rare, with only one known piece.

How many pennies are made each day? ›

Approximately 30 million pennies are produced each day (U.S. Mint produces >13 billion pennies each year).

Who is on the penny? ›

The Lincoln penny was the first time a president had been on a coin. Previously, the public had strongly opposed using portraits on coins because it stemmed back to the European tradition. The back of the first design of the Lincoln penny was a wreath of wheat. “E Pluribus Unum” means “One out of many”.

How much does a penny cost to make? ›

Unit Costs and Seigniorage for Cent and Nickel from 2005 to 2021
Fiscal YearLincoln Cent Unit CostCombined 1c and 5c Seigniorage (in millions)
20170.0182($89.80)
20180.0206($119.00)
20190.0199($102.90)
20200.0176($101.00)
13 more rows
Jan 18, 2022

How long do coins last? ›

Coins can last around 30 years in circulation before they're too worn to use. When coins reach the end of their life, the Federal Reserve removes them from circulation. Old coins are melted down and used for other things.

How many pennies are lost? ›

The Department of Treasury estimates $62 million worth of pennies — or 8 percent of what is produced — is “lost” each year. They end up at the bottom of desk drawers, in sofa cushions, hoarded in jars, or simply discarded in trash by people who perceive their value is of little worth.

What is the sentence of penny? ›

Each penny is worth one hundred pips. There are only so many pennies in a pound.

Who did the penny press appeal to? ›

About The Penny Press (Cincinnati [Ohio]) 1859-1860

By the year 1850, Cincinnati's population had risen to over 115,000, creating a large audience for newspapers. Penny papers appealed to members of lower classes because they were inexpensive. Nor were they commonly associated with any political party.

What were the main reasons we eliminated the Canadian penny? ›

The Royal Canadian Mint stopped producing and distributing pennies in Canada as of February 4, 2013 due to rising costs relative to face value and the significant handling costs of the penny for retailers, financial institutions and the economy in general.

What are two arguments for keeping the penny in the penny debate? ›

Reasons to Keep the Penny
  • They Keep Prices Low. Penny supporters point out that if we get rid of the penny, all-cash transactions will have to be rounded off to the nearest nickel. ...
  • Charities Rely on Them. ...
  • They Honor Lincoln. ...
  • Americans Like Them.
Jun 7, 2022

Why is Abraham Lincoln facing right on the penny? ›

Answer and Explanation: Abraham Lincoln is facing right on the penny because the design was based on a picture where Lincoln was facing right. Artist Victor David Brenner created the coin based on a photograph of Lincoln taken in April 1864 by photographer Anthony Berger.

What were the themes of the penny press? ›

The slogan of the paper was “It shines for all,” and it was sold at the price of 1 penny. The Sun offered its readers stories of human interest, crime, tragedy, etc., such information made the paper appealing to its readers, reaching a mass audience as a result of its affordable price.

What is the summary of the lead found at the heading of a news story? ›

A summary lead concisely tells the reader the main idea of the story or conveys its news value. Most journalists and editors believe that the lead should come in the first sentence or first few sentences of a hard news article.

How did the penny press make money? ›

The Penny Press was the term used to describe the revolutionary business tactic of producing newspapers which sold for one cent. The Penny Press is generally considered to have started in 1833, when Benjamin Day founded The Sun, a New York City newspaper.

How much did Canada save by removing the penny? ›

At the time they were phased out, pennies cost the Canadian Mint 1.6 cents to produce. Doesn't make much cents, does it? Getting rid of them ended up saving taxpayers up to $11 million a year, which is advantageous.

How much does it cost to make a penny? ›

Unit Costs and Seigniorage for Cent and Nickel from 2005 to 2021
Fiscal YearLincoln Cent Unit CostCombined 1c and 5c Seigniorage (in millions)
20170.0182($89.80)
20180.0206($119.00)
20190.0199($102.90)
20200.0176($101.00)
13 more rows
Jan 18, 2022

How do you clean a penny? ›

Copper oxide dissolves in a mixture of weak acid and table salt-and vinegar is an acid. You could also clean your pennies with salt and lemon juice or orange juice, because those juices are acids, too.

How does penny pinch and save money? ›

  1. 9 Ways to Pinch Pennies Around the House. I'm certainly not an extreme frugalist. ...
  2. Eliminate Food Waste. ...
  3. Turn the Thermostat Up or Down. ...
  4. Don't Buy Expensive Cleaning Products. ...
  5. Hang Clothes to Dry. ...
  6. Drink Tap Water. ...
  7. Reduce Home Entertainment Costs. ...
  8. Clean Out Your Closet and Junk Drawer.
Dec 8, 2020

What is the saying about saving a penny? ›

something you say that means it is wise to save money: I'd advise anyone to put aside a proportion of their earnings - a penny saved is a penny earned.

How does the penny affect the environment? ›

Making pennies wastes natural resources and is toxic to people and the environment - Pennies are 3 percent copper, and 97 percent zinc and are primarily made from virgin ore. Making pennies from zinc and copper means mining for those materials.

Why is the penny turned the other way and brown? ›

When oxygen binds with copper, they form a new molecule known as copper oxide. Copper oxide is brownish or sometimes black in color (depending on other things in the penny's environment). This is why most pennies you see look dirty or tarnished—it's not actually dirt but copper oxide that makes them look so dull.

Why is the penny face different from the other coins? ›

A: According to the United States Mint, the likeness of President Abraham Lincoln facing to the right on the penny, while all other portraits of presidents on coins face to the left, was not mandated by the government. It was simply by choice of the designer Victor David Brenner.

When did the penny change? ›

In 1982, the fast-rising price of copper forced the U.S. Mint to change the composition of the penny to primarily zinc, with pure copper plating.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Kelle Weber

Last Updated:

Views: 6367

Rating: 4.2 / 5 (73 voted)

Reviews: 88% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Kelle Weber

Birthday: 2000-08-05

Address: 6796 Juan Square, Markfort, MN 58988

Phone: +8215934114615

Job: Hospitality Director

Hobby: tabletop games, Foreign language learning, Leather crafting, Horseback riding, Swimming, Knapping, Handball

Introduction: My name is Kelle Weber, I am a magnificent, enchanting, fair, joyous, light, determined, joyous person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.