Placenta | Fertilization, Embryo Development & Pollination (2024)

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Also known as: placentae, placentas

placenta, in botany, the surface of the carpel (highly modified leaf) to which the ovules (potential seeds) are attached. The placenta is usually located in a region corresponding somewhat to the margins of a leaf but is actually submarginal in position. The placentation, or arrangement of ovules within the ovary, is frequently of taxonomic value. Placentation is usually submarginal in a simple pistil (female sex organ). In a compound pistil, two or more carpels are used in various ways, placentation being parietal, with carpels united by their adjacent margins and the ovules disposed along the inner ovary walls; axile, with carpels folded inward and the ovules along the central axis of the ovary; free central, derived from the axile, with a central column bearing the ovules; basal, with ovules positioned on a low column at the base of the ovary; or laminar, with ovules scattered over the inner surfaces of carpels.

Placenta | Fertilization, Embryo Development & Pollination (2024)

FAQs

What happens after successful pollination? ›

Pollination is a fundamental aspect of plant reproduction. After the pollen grain lands on the stigma, a pollen tube develops down through the style to the ovary. The pollen grain travels along the pollen tube and fertilizes the nucleus in the ovule. The fertilized ovule develops into a seed.

What is the result of pollination and fertilization? ›

The fertilised ovule goes on to form a seed, which contains a food store and an embryo that will later grow into a new plant. The ovary develops into a fruit to protect the seed. Some flowers, such as avocados, only have one ovule in their ovary, so their fruit only has one seed.

What is the process of pollination and fertilization? ›

Step one: After pollen has landed on the stigma, it grows a pollen tube down through the style to the ovary. Step two: The nucleus of the pollen grain travels down the pollen tube and fertilises the nucleus in the ovule. Step three: The fertilised ovule develops into a seed.

Is pollination important for fertilization? ›

The successful transfer of pollen in and between flowers of the same plant species leads to fertilization, successful seed development, and fruit production. Other factors such as drought, extreme temperature shifts, or diseases may prevent full fruit and seed production.

What is the next step after pollination? ›

Fertilization is the next step after pollination. During fertilization, the male gametes from the pollen join with the female gametes in the egg. The egg, or eggs, are found inside the stigma.

What are the stages after pollination? ›

There are four stages in the life cycle of flowering plants. Seed germination, growth (vegetative and reproductive), reproduction (pollination), and seed spreading.

How long after pollination does fertilization occur? ›

Once a grain of pollen lands on a silk, fertilization of the ovule occurs within 24 hours. Silks are receptive to pollen grains anywhere along the length of the silk. Each silk needs to be pollinated to actually develop a kernel.

What's the difference between pollination and fertilization? ›

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of the same or another plant. Fertilization is the joining of a sperm (from the pollen grain) with the egg in the ovule.

What is the conclusion of pollination? ›

Conclusion. Reproduction in plants occurs by the process of pollination, which results in fertilisation and the formation of zygotes. This zygote, when matured, forms the seed, and seeds develop into new plants. It is a necessary ecological function for survival.

What happens to the ovary after fertilization? ›

Complete answer:

As fertilization occurs, the zygote is formed which later develops into an embryo. The ovary develops into a fruit and the ovule develops into a seed after fertilization. As the embryo develops, the fertilized ovule develops into a seed.

Does pollination happen immediately after fertilization? ›

Answer and Explanation: Pollination takes place before fertilization. Pollination is the process by which pollen grains are transferred from one plant to another. Fertilization is the process by which pollen grains reach the ovules, which are the female sex cells of the plant.

What is an example of pollination fertilization? ›

One well-studied example of a moth-pollinated plant is the yucca plant, which is pollinated by the yucca moth. The shape of the flower and moth have adapted in such a way as to allow successful pollination. The moth deposits pollen on the sticky stigma for fertilization to occur later.

Can fertilization occur without pollination? ›

The process of transfer of male gamete is pollination. Hence, if pollination does not take place, fertilization will not occur.

What are the five stages of pollination? ›

Fertilization Process
  • Pollination. Pollination takes place immediately before the anthesis. ...
  • Pollen Germination. Within 2 to 3 minutes, the pollen left on stigma starts to germinate, to grow pollen tube toward the egg cell. ...
  • Penetration of PollenTube into the Ovule. ...
  • Fertilization. ...
  • Division of the Fertilized Egg (Zygote)

What are the events that occur in fertilization? ›

The events of conception usually include: (1) contact and recognition between sperm and egg; (2) regulation of sperm entry into the egg; (3) fusion of genetic material from the two gametes; and (4) activation of egg metabolism to start development. 3. The sperm head consists of a haploid nucleus and an acrosome.

What happens to the seed after pollination? ›

Once pollen gets to the ovary within the flower, the ovary develops into a fruit. The ovules inside the ovary develop into seeds inside of this fruit. Planting a seed begins the process anew – the new plant, while similar to the parent plant, is not identical.

What happens after pollination in a flowering plant? ›

Pollination is an essential part of plant reproduction. Pollen from a flower's anthers (the male part of the plant) rubs or drops onto a pollinator. The pollinator then take this pollen to another flower, where the pollen sticks to the stigma (the female part). The fertilized flower later yields fruit and seeds.

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