How to Make Pesto Out of Just About Anything (2024)

Not to bruise your ego, basil, but you’re not the real reason people go gaga for pesto. It’s the powerhouse trifecta of hearty toasted nuts, salty aged cheese, and grassy olive oil that makes it taste so good. The hard truth, my friend, is this: You’re totally replaceable. And, to be honest, sometimes we even like versions whizzed up with everything from broccoli rabe to collard greens, well...better.

While the noble, food-curious pursuit of previously-unexplored flavor combinations is as good a reason as any to start getting creative with your pesto, it's definitely not the only reason. Unless you happen to be an individual of limitless means, you're probably well aware that the ingredients required for the classic basil-pine nut-Parm trifecta are stupid expensive. Experimenting with alternative greens, nuts, and cheeses is a great way to get a whole lot more pesto into your life without having to take out a second mortgage. When you think about pesto as a loose formula rather than a strict recipe, the sky's the limit—here's how to make pesto out of almost anything.

The Greens

The verdant base of your choice is going to be your alt-pesto's most distinctive feature, and different vegetables are going to require different preparations before they're ready to be pesto-ized. Tender herbs and greens like parsley, cilantro, and arugula can be used raw, no problem. But tougher stuff (think kale or collards) will need a quick blanch in boiling salted water to soften them up, and should be drained thoroughly to make sure you're not adding a bunch of extra liquid to your sauce. Bonus points for roasting or grilling veg like scallions and broccoli rabe before throwing them in the food processor (or blender, or mortar), which will add some nice caramelized flavor. And nothing says you can only use one green element at a time—feel free to mix and match to your heart's content.
TRY WITH: Parsley, cilantro, chervil, arugula, dandelion greens, broccoli, broccoli rabe, scallions, garlic scapes, ramp tops, kale, collards, mustard greens, radish tops, beet greens, spinach, watercress, peas.

The Nuts

You have our permission to never buy pine nuts again—they're priced for hedge fund managers and, frankly, they ain't worth it. There's a whole world of tasty nuts and seeds out there that'll add the rich earthiness that you're after in your dream pesto. Whatever you decide to use, make sure to give your nuts or seeds a healthy toasting in the oven (and let them cool completely!) before buzzing them up, which will lend dark, roast-y notes to your finished sauce.
TRY WITH: Walnuts, almonds, macadamia nuts, pecans, pistachios, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds, peanuts.

The Cheese

Parmesan lends a distinctive savory funk to traditional basil pesto, but it isn't your only option—any hard, salty, aged cheese (Italian or not) will get you there. If, for whatever reason, you're interested in making a dairy-free pesto, you can go ahead and leave the cheese out, but be sure to increase the quantity of nuts and seeds you're using to compensate.
TRY WITH: Pecorino Romano, aged manchego, aged gouda, aged cheddar, cotija, Grana Padano, aged Asiago.

The Other Stuff

The greens, cheese, and nuts are any pesto's biggest stars, but that doesn't mean that the other supporting elements can't get mixed up as well. Olive oil is traditional (and delicious), but a neutral oil like canola or grapeseed could be swapped in if you didn't want olive oil's particular grassiness distracting from other flavors. Lemon juice and zest are normally our go-to for brightening up an otherwise rich, low-tone sauce, but you could really use any citrus or vinegar to balance things up. And the garlic? Well, just leave the garlic. There are some parts of tradition that we just don't want to mess with.

Get the Recipe: Collard Greens and Kale Pesto

And, now that you know how to make pesto out of anything, get wild with some pasta: