Find Bugs On Your Houseplants? Don't Freak Out — Do This Instead (2024)

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September 16, 2022

mbg Sustainability + Health Director

By Emma Loewe

mbg Sustainability + Health Director

Emma Loewe is the Senior Sustainability Editor at mindbodygreen and the author of "Return to Nature: The New Science of How Natural Landscapes Restore Us."

How bugs get into houseplantsCommon pestsHow to get rid of them

Can bugs kill houseplants?

September 16, 2022

Houseplants are living things, and they're bound to attract other living things (ahem, bugs) at some point. While houseplant pests are inevitable, they can be managed with a little diligence and know-how.

Here, experts share how to identify and kill bugs in houseplants to keep your greenery collection looking good as new.

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How bugs get into houseplants.

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Pests have a knack for seeking out tasty plants, even those that are situated indoors. They can fly or blow into your home through a window, hitch a ride on your clothes, arrive on a new plant, or come in on fruit or vegetables. Stressed plants that are not getting proper care also tend to send out signals1 that attract pests. Many of these critters reproduce very quickly (and asexually), so before you know it, one or two bugs can become a full-blown infestation.

"There are so many ways they can come in, and my message is always that it's normal to have pests if you have plants. It's almost unavoidable," Roos Kocken, a houseplant expert and sustainability advocate, tells mbg.

With that being said, getting into the habit of regularly checking your plants for signs of pests is a smart idea.

Pests can happen any time of year, but Kocken has noticed they tend to be especially active during seasonal transitions into spring and fall. Since bugs can often be trailed in on houseplants from the shop, you'll also want to keep an eye on any new plants you buy. Once you bring it home, "it is advised that you keep that plant separate from the rest for two weeks, inspecting it regularly for pests before allowing it into the fold, so to speak," Lauren Camilleri and Sophia Kaplan of Bloom: Flowering Plants for Indoors and Balconies recommend.

Common houseplant pests & their telltale signs:

So, what exactly are you looking for when checking your plants for pests? "The pests themselves are so small that you probably won't see them," Kocken says, "but you can spot the damage they create earlier."

Here's an overview of the pests you'll often find on houseplants, and what their trails look like.

  • Spider mites: "Spider mites are minuscule sucking creatures that can live on the undersides of leaves," Camilleri and Kaplan explain. While they're usually too small to see, Morgan Doane, author of the upcoming book How To Plant a Room: And Grow a Happy Home, says that you'll be able to spot them by the fine webs they weave along the bases of leaves and at stem junctures. They also might leave behind tiny white or yellow spots on your plant's leaves.
  • Mealybugs: Mealybugs are white, powdery-looking critters that tend to leave behind a sticky sap on plants. Larger ones will be visible to the naked eye.
  • Scales: "Scales don't look much like insects at all," says Doane. "They look like a little dried, brown scale attached to the leaf. They can show up in clusters, usually on stems or the undersides of leaves." She adds that sticky sap is another telltale sign of a scale infestation.
  • Fungus gnats: These tiny, slow-flying black gnats resemble fruit flies but they tend to hover at the base of houseplants. "Fungus gnats will be visible in their adult form as tiny flies," Doane says.
  • Aphids: Aphids are small, soft-bodied, and wingless critters that suck sap from leaves and stems of plants. "They often hide in the nooks and crannies of plants, so when watering, it's great to do a quick check under leaves, in new growth, and in the potting mix," Camilleri and Kaplan suggest. White flakes, yellowing leaves, and stunted growth are also signs of aphids.
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How to get rid of bugs in houseplant soil.

Once you've determined you have a pest problem, you have a few options depending on how severe the infestation is. Here are the treatment plans the plant pros recommend, in order of least to most involved:

Option 1: Spray them off with water.

If you spot a few larger pests, like mealybugs, on your plant's leaves, you can try to get rid of them by simply spraying them with water from a faucet or shower. Just be sure to aim away from your plant's soil so they don't just end up falling in there.

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Option 2: Spray a gentle insecticide.

Insecticidal soaps can be very effective at killing soft-bodied insects like aphids, spider mites, and mealybugs. Made from potassium salts of fatty acids, they work by washing away pests' protective coating and then breaking down their cells. They can damage your plant when sprayed in high amounts, so be sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions when using them. Most will need to be sprayed on the tops and bottoms of your plant's leaves and soil every five to seven days while insects are present.

Bioinsecticide sprays offer another solution; these are made from bacteria that can kill pests but shouldn't harm your plant.

It's best to choose an insecticide that is made using organic materials instead of a synthetic that might make your plant toxic to you and your pets. Consider one of the options below or make your own natural pesticide using this how-to guide.

Option 3: Apply neem oil.

Neem oilis a natural pesticide that's extracted from the seed kernels of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica). The main ingredient in neem oil, Azadirachtin, eventually kills soft-bodied bugs by mimicking their natural hormones to disrupt their ability to feed and lay eggs2. Diluted neem sprays are often used as a preventive measure, while more concentrated oils can kill existing pests. Read up on how to use both here.

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Option 4: Try rubbing alcohol.

Rubbing alcohol can kill bugs by breaking down their exoskeletons, but it can also damage your plants if applied too willy-nilly. To apply alcohol in small, targeted amounts, Kocken shares the smart idea to put it in a water brush marker and gently run it over any visible pests like mealybugs to kill them on contact.

Option 5: Call on beneficial insects.

It may seem counterintuitive, but you can also treat a bug problem by bringing in more bugs. Beneficial insects like green lacewings and ladybugs can help gobble up harmful plant pests—and they won't damage your plant in the process. You can order these "good bugs" in packets online and place them into your plants for a second line of defense after any of the above measures. (You won't want to use an insecticide after adding these bugs since it will kill them too.)

Once you get over the initial ick factor, Kocken says that working with beneficial insects can actually be really comforting. "It makes me much more relaxed because I know I have a little army of good bugs working for me, so I don't have to be so stressed about [pests]," she says.

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Can bugs eventually kill my houseplants?

While a few bugs here and there are no big deal, larger infestations of certain pests can be detrimental to plant health. "Mealies, spider mites, and scales are sap suckers and can eventually kill off individual leaves. Severe infestations can impact an entire plant," Doane explains. "Fungus gnat larvae attack the roots of the plant and can stunt growth overall. The adult flies are more of a nuisance than anything else."

Camilleri and Kaplan add that pests are also quick to spread to nearby plants. So if you spot them on one plant, you should separate it from the rest of your collection before starting with any of the above treatment options.

The takeaway.

Bugs are an inevitable nuisance of plant parenthood, but there are a number of ways to get rid of creepy crawlies once you spot them. An ounce of prevention is also worth a pound of cure here: Be sure to give your houseplants proper water, sunlight, and soil to help them stay healthy and largely pest-free.

Find Bugs On Your Houseplants? Don't Freak Out — Do This Instead (2024)

FAQs

How do I get rid of little bugs on my houseplants? ›

How to get rid of these bugs: Remove any heavily infested parts of the plant. Wipe off insects elsewhere with a damp rag or spray them off with water in the bathtub. You can also dislodge them with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or vegetable oil, or spray them with insecticidal soap.

How do I get rid of bugs on my houseplants naturally? ›

Soapy water creates an effective shield against a wide variety of pests. Mix 5 tablespoons of organic liquid soap with a gallon of water to make a plant-friendly bug spray for indoor and outdoor plants. This solution will suffocate some insects and create a slippery surface that repels others.

What to spray on bugs on indoor plants? ›

Soapy Water

Soap kills bugs on contact. It's easy to make your own natural bug killer for indoor plants. My homemade bug spray recipe is one teaspoon mild liquid soap to one liter of water.

What are these bugs in my house plants? ›

If you see tiny black bugs in plant soil, and flying around your plants – those are fungus gnats. The gnats that are flying around the fruit, or the garbage disposal in your kitchen are fruit flies.

Does vinegar get rid of gnats in houseplants? ›

You can make your own organic traps to kill the adult fungus gnats. You can fill the bottom of a deep bowl with apple cider vinegar or red wine, then add several drops of liquid dish soap. Put it near your infested house plants. The gnats love it, and will fall into it and die.

What do houseplant mites look like? ›

The first thing you're likely to notice is patterns of silvery dots or stippling on the leaves of your plant. Looking closer, you will see small, delicate webs in corners of stems or underneath leaves with what look like tiny white dots scattered throughout. Those are spider mites!

Does vinegar get rid of bugs on plants? ›

This mixing is necessary because vinegar is strong stuff and can damage plants and irritate the skin when used by itself. Acetic acid makes vinegar an excellent tool for pest control, repelling some of the most common backyard nuisances and even killing weaker insects.

What is the fastest way to get rid of bugs on plants? ›

Start by rinsing your plant thoroughly with a sink sprayer, shower, or hose. This will get rid of the majority of adult aphids present on your plant. Then, spray regularly with an insecticidal soap or neem oil. You can also sprinkle systemic granules into the affected planters.

What do I spray on my plants to keep bugs away? ›

Once they're gone for the moment, spray down the plants with a homemade insecticidal soap. A great recipe for a homemade bug spray for vegetable plants is to use one tablespoon of dish soap, one cup of vegetable oil, one quart of water, and one cup of rubbing alcohol.

What natural product kills bugs on plants? ›

Oil Spray: Mix 1 cup of vegetable oil with 1 tablespoon of mild liquid soap. Add 2-8 teaspoons of this mixture to 1 quart of water and spray your plants as above. The oil in this spray smothers the insects so it is effective on aphids, thrips, mites, and scale.

Is soapy water OK for plants? ›

Soapy wash water from dishes or laundry will help keep plants alive in an emergency, but you should be aware of certain possible problems. Chlorine. Bleaches commonly contain chlorine, which can damage plants, particularly if it touches the foliage.

Is it normal to have bugs on houseplants? ›

No, it is not normal to have bugs in your houseplants. Don't feel bad about it though, because it is a very common problem. But you don't have to just live with it. You can eliminate them, and have bug-free indoor plants!

What do soil mites look like? ›

Here are a few tips for identifying soil mites: Look for small, brown, or black insects that have six legs and are about one-eighth of an inch long. If the soil is dry, mites may be seen crawling around on the surface. Check for fecal matter or eggs on the creature's body.

Why are there little bugs in my indoor plants? ›

Have you seen little bugs fluttering up from your houseplants' pots whenever you water? Known as fungus gnats, they're actually tiny flies, about 1/8-inch long, drawn to moist potting soil and decaying leaves on the surface of the soil around your plants.

How do I get rid of gnats in my plants ASAP? ›

How to Kill Fungus Gnats
  1. Sticky Traps. Flypaper or more modern decorative sticky traps are popular options to catch any fungus gnats buzzing around houseplants and windows. ...
  2. Apple Cider Vinegar. ...
  3. Flying Insect Spray. ...
  4. Fly Bait.

What kills gnats instantly on plants? ›

Hydrogen peroxide solution is a quick, cheap, and effective way to kill larvae on contact. Mix four parts water with one part hydrogen peroxide and spray down your soil. Fungus gnats are annoying, but they're no match for a plant parent with a plan.

Does cinnamon deter fungus gnats? ›

Fungus gnats hate the sole smell of cinnamon. It means you don't even have to use the spice. Cinnamon essential oil should work – its aroma will repel the pesky insects.

Can plant mites get on humans? ›

Can Spider Mites Live On Humans? Spider mites feed off plant cells and use the plant's surface to lay eggs and spin their protective webs. These mites need plant material to survive, making it impossible for them to live on humans.

What does mold mites look like? ›

What do mold mites look like? They look like spiders but even smaller. They range from white to brown and can only be seen under a microscope or a special high-definition camera. They may even be mistaken for mold at first.

Can plant mites transfer to humans? ›

Fortunately, the mites cannot live on humans, do not survive indoors, and are not known to transmit disease.

Can I spray my plants with hydrogen peroxide? ›

As an added bonus, hydrogen peroxide can help discourage unwanted bacteria/fungi that may be lurking in the garden. To give plants an added boost of oxygen or for pest control using the 3% solution, add 1 teaspoon (5 ml.) per cup (240 ml.) of water in a spray bottle and mist the plant.

Can I spray apple cider vinegar on my plants? ›

Take a bottle and combine 1-ounce of apple cider vinegar with 3-ounces of water and mix it together. You can spray this on your plants to keep the aphids off of them, although some plants don't like the acidic nature of apple cider vinegar. It could end up hurting your plants if you spray too much or spray too often.

How do you make homemade bug spray? ›

Mix 1 part oil of lemon eucalyptus or lavender essential oil with 10 parts witch hazel in the bottle. (For each drop of oil, use 10 drops of witch hazel.) Shake gently to mix. Spray to apply.

What do I do if my plant is infested with bugs? ›

Early infestations can often be removed by handpicking. Use a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol to wipe off insects such as aphids and mealybugs. Scale insects may need to be scraped off with a fingernail. Spraying a sturdy plant with water will remove many pests.

How do I get rid of small black flies on my houseplants naturally? ›

Use sticky traps

Yellow sticky traps work by trapping the adult fungus gnats and breaking their lifecycle. Simply hang up a trap near affected plants, or attach it to a bamboo cane inserted into the compost. Keep the trap near soil level, as gnats rarely fly far from the compost.

How do I get bugs off my plants? ›

Use alcohol

If you find that live bugs are still living on your houseplants, try soaking a cotton swap in alcohol and dabbing it lightly to remove them from the plant. As well as this, don't forget to wash the pot and plant tray with soapy water as pests can easily hide under the rim.

Does cinnamon keep bugs away? ›

Does Cinnamon Keep Bugs Out of a Sandbox? Yes, cinnamon in the sandbox does more than creating a pleasant aroma. The strong, spicy scent also repels bugs—they want nothing to do with it! The spice contains eugenol, an aromatic compound commonly found in traditional insect repellants.

How do I keep bugs out of my potted plants before bringing them inside? ›

Debugging potted plants before bringing them back indoors is a critical first step in indoor plant pest prevention. This method of soaking houseplants in soapy water to get rid of the bugs works great for most types of plants, and will help to make sure you bring outdoor plants inside without bugs.

Does baking soda get rid of bugs on plants? ›

Keep Pests Away

Sprinkle baking soda on your soil with a flour sifter to keep ants, roaches and slugs away from your garden. (Be sure to avoid your plants!) It's a safe way to keep beneficial insects around and say sayonara to the ones you're tired of seeing.

Does baking soda protect plants from bugs? ›

Baking soda can be used as both an effective insect repellant and as a natural insect killer. It also works to control biting and chewing insects that are common killers of vegetables and garden plants.

Is Dawn a good insecticidal soap? ›

It's not recommended to use dish detergent (like Dawn), laundry detergent, or hand soap (even the “natural” versions), since these soaps contain abrasive ingredients that could harm your plants. For DIY insecticide, organic pure castile liquid soap is the best solution since it's all natural and highly effective.

Can I spray soapy water on my indoor plants? ›

Treating your infested plants with soapy water is one of the best recipes to use. Soap kills pests on contact. Soap will dehydrate the spider mites and aphids, and it won't hurt your plants.

How often should I spray my plants for bugs? ›

Apply once a week during light pest season, or twice a week during heavy pest season. Always spray in morning (before sunrise) or in late evening. Never spray in sunlight, or you'll risk scorching your plants. Spray plants liberally, and be sure to get the undersides of leaves, where many pests feed.

Can you spray leaves with soapy water? ›

Because soapy water works by touching the insects, sprays need to be made whenever new insect populations appear and start to grow. Spraying soap directly on the leaves when no insects are present does nothing, as soap doesn't bother insects if they eat it. It only works if it contacts the full body.

What are the little black bugs on my indoor plants? ›

By far the most common types of houseplant bugs are fungus gnats (also known as soil gnats). They are those annoying little black gnats that you'll see flying around houseplants, and crawling in the soil. Since they live and breed in potting soil, they can be very difficult to control.

How did my plant get soil mites? ›

The most common way for soil mites to be introduced to your houseplants is through the potting mix that you use. They are often already present in soils and are transferred to your houseplants during the potting or repotting process.

Can soil mites infest humans? ›

For the most part, soil mites are harmless to humans and plants. They are very beneficial to the decomposition process that plants and humans rely on. They can become a nuisance if they begin living in indoor potted containers or crawl around porches and patios.

How do I get rid of soil mites in my houseplants? ›

How to Get Rid of Soil Mites (If You Must)
  1. Be sure the mites are present. ...
  2. The simplest way to get rid of them is to repot your plant in new, high-quality potting soil.
  3. Remove the plant and dispose of the soil. ...
  4. Clean the pot thoroughly, removing any soil residue which might be harboring mites.
Sep 20, 2022

What causes little bugs in houseplants? ›

If you're annoyed by tiny flying insects that appear every time you water your houseplants, you're probably dealing with gnats—more specifically, fungus gnats. These pests are attracted to the damp soil of potted houseplants. They need moist soil to lay their eggs, and the organic matter in the dirt feeds their larvae.

What kills gnats on indoor plants? ›

Hydrogen peroxide solution is a quick, cheap, and effective way to kill larvae on contact. Mix four parts water with one part hydrogen peroxide and spray down your soil. Fungus gnats are annoying, but they're no match for a plant parent with a plan.

Does cinnamon get rid of gnats? ›

Chamomile Tea & Cinnamon

Chamomile and cinnamon are powerful natural fungicides, which kill off the gnats' primary food source, therefore making the soil inhospitable.

How do you know if you have plant mites? ›

Signs and Symptoms of Mites
  1. Brown wilted leaves.
  2. Curled yellow leaves.
  3. Foliage that is speckled.
  4. Leaf drop.
  5. Tiny web-like structures.
  6. Mottled or discolored needles on conifers like pine, spruce, and hemlock (Needle loss can occur in severe infestations)

How do I permanently get rid of plant gnats? ›

Hydrogen peroxide is a quick and effective way to get rid of larvae, killing them on contact. Mix four parts water with one part hydrogen peroxide and soak your soil with the solution. Neem oil can also be diluted with water and applied to the soil to kill larvae.

How do I get rid of gnats in my potted plants with hydrogen peroxide? ›

Hydrogen Peroxide Spray to Control Flying Fungus Gnats

Mix one part of 3% hydrogen peroxide and three parts of water in the Mister 360 Spray Bottle. Mist the plant leaves and stems where the adult fungus gnats are visible lightly with water. Repeat the process until no more adults are visible.

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