The computer screen on which you are reading this article, the clothes that you are wearing, the food that you eat and even the cars in which you ride all have one thing in common. What is this thing? They all are comprised of some element of carbon. Actually, all organic things are made up of carbon. This is why the study of carbon and its componentsis so important.
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The atomic number of carbon is 6, which represents the number of electrons. It is represented by the symbol C and is a non-metal. It has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and obviously 6 electrons. A carbon atom is considered to be special and unique because it can bond with other carbon atoms to an almost unlimited degree. It is because its atom is very small in size and can conveniently fit in as a part of larger molecules. Each of its atoms has four electrons in its outer shell called valence electrons and can form for chemical bonds with other atoms and molecules.
The physical properties of this element vary according to its allotropes. The two major allotropes are diamond and graphite. These two have almost opposing physical properties.
Now you may not even notice but carbon is used in so many daily activities. Some of the most important uses are:
So as you can see from the facts given above carbon is an interesting element with uncountable uses. This is why a detailed study of it is essential in Chemistry.
Q:Two adjacent layers in graphite are bonded by comparatively _______ forces.
Solution: The correct answer is option “b”. Graphite is an allotrope of carbon. Each atom is covalently bonded to other three atoms. These layers slid over each other easily because of the weak Van der Walls forces between them.
