Measurement Property Summary
# of studies reporting psychometric properties: 9
Interpretability
Higher scores indicate greater wheelchair skills.
Threshold Values
55.6% of participants (28.6% of tetraplegic participants) scored over 80% (empirical cut-off for distinguishing people with advanced MWC skills, mainly skills required to control wheelies)
(Lemay et al., 2011; N = 54, 41 male; mixed injury types; 12+ months of manual WC use)
MCID: not established in SCI
SEM: 5.0 (Rushton et al. 2016: N = 72, 19% SCI; 36 males; mean(SD) age 60.7 (7.3))
MDC: 6.2 (Rushton et al. 2016: N = 72, 19% SCI; 36 males; mean(SD) age 60.7 (7.3))
Reliability
Test-retest reliability is Moderate to High for the WST (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.84-0.94, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.65) for measured speeds.
(Pradon et al., 2012: N = 40, 30 male; mixed injury types; mean (range) 79.8 (1-360) months in rehabilitation; Kirby et al., 2002; N = 24, 3 SCI; 16 male; mixed diagnoses)
Test-retest reliability is Moderate to High for the WST (ICC = 0.91) for manual wheelchair users.
(WST v.4.1 for manual wheelchair users; Lindquist et al., 2010: N=11, 9 SCI, 9 male; no info on SCI types)
Inter-rater Reliability is Moderate to High for the WST (ICC = 0.92-0.95, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.95) for measured speeds.
(Pradon et al., 2012: N = 40, 30 male; mixed injury types; mean (range) 79.8 (1-360) months in rehabilitation; Kirby et al., 2002; N = 24, 3 SCI; 16 male; mixed diagnoses)
Inter-rater reliability is Moderate to High for the WST (ICC = 0.855) for manual wheelchair users.
(WST v.4.1 for manual wheelchair users; Lindquist et al., 2010: N = 11, 9 SCI, 9 male; no info on SCI types)
Intra-rater Reliability is High for the WST (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.950, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.96)
(WST v.4.1 for manual wheelchair users; Lindquist et al., 2010: N = 11, 9 SCI, 9 male; no info on SCI types; Kirby et al., 2002; N = 24, 3 SCI; 16 male; mixed diagnoses)
Internal Consistency is High for the WST (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.90)
(Rushton et al. 2016; N = 72, 19% SCI; 36 males; mean(SD) age 60.7 (7.3))
Number of studies reporting reliability data: 6
Validity
Correlations between the WST and the Wheeled Distance per Day are Moderate (Pearson’s r = 0.36).
Correlations between the WST and age are Moderate (Pearson’s r = -0.32).
(Lemay et al., 2011; N = 54, 41 male; mixed injury types; 12+ months of manual WC use)
Correlations between the WST and Measured Speeds are Moderate (Pearson’s r = 0.57-0.75).
(Absolute values of correlations; Pradon et al., 2012: N = 40, 30 male; mixed injury types; mean (range) 79.8 (1-360) months in rehabilitation)
Correlations between the WST and the WST-Q are High (Pearson’s r = 0.65).
(Rushton et al. 2016; N = 72, 19% SCI; 36 males; mean(SD) age 60.7 (7.3))
Predictive validity
WST predicts CHART and SWLS scores.
(Hosseini et al., 2012; N=214; mixed injury types; mean(SD) 11.7(11) years post SCI)
Number of studies reporting validity data: 8
Responsiveness
Not established in SCI.
Floor/Ceiling Effect
No values were reported for the presence of floor/ceiling effects in the WST for the SCI population.
Reviewers
Dr. William Miller, Matthew Querée, Sharon Jang, Gita Manhas
Date Last Updated
22 July 2020