The flower stage is an exciting time! You started this journey by planting clones or seeds, and then growing your plants through the vegetative stage. Now, you are in the phase where you actually get to watch your buds bloom.
If you are new to growing, you may asking yourself how long will it be until your plant has buds. We wrote a previous article that focused more on bud development. We explained that the flowering sites don’t really resemble what you would think of as a “bud” until around Week 4, and more so in Week 5.
In this article, we will focus more on the early signs of flowering, by discussing:
- The anatomy of the plant
- The early signs of flowering
- The post-veg/pre-flower stretch period
- When the flower begins to swell into actual “bud” development
Cannabis Plant Anatomy
It’s helpful to first understand the different parts of the plant. Beginning with a stem that grows vertically from the roots, you have branches that will grow out from the sides. These branches will have various nodes, which are the sides for future flower development. And from the nodes, you will have fan leaves which act as solar panels for the plant.
What is a Flower on a cannabis plant?
In the most basic sense, it’s really just an unfertilized seed pod. Let me explain.
Day 6 of flowering under 12/12 lighting
The nodes which eventually from the flowers/buds, consist of pistils and stigmas, which are the hairs you have have seen. These “hairs” are actually reproductive organs that catch pollen floating through the air.
Attached to these pistils are the bracts, the finger-like protrusions that pair with the calyxes to form what we visually see as being the “bud.” However, these bracts/calyxes are what encapsulate the fertilized egg from the captured pollen.
The flower is part of the reproductive system of the cannabis plant. Therefore, if you are looking for the first signs of flowering, you are looking for development of these reproductive organs.
Of course, our goal is to have non-pregnant female plants that produce flowers to be dried and cured. We definitely don’t want to open our buds to find dozens of seeds!
The First Signs of Flowering are Subtle changes in the nodes
The very first signs are subtle. But if you pay attention, you will see the hints.
About as 8 to 12 days into the 12/12 light cycle, you will see early-stage flower set in on the nodes — the parts of the plant that form the basis of all new growth. From these nodes, all new branches, stems, leaves, and flowers are formed and grow outward.
When looking for early signs of flower, you will first notice when “hairs” poking out of these nodes. From there, they eventually begin forming calyxes. Once these calyxes have formed, there will be what are essentially seed pods.
It is at this time that you can actually identify a male from a female, by looking for an additional set of pollen sacs that will have dropped from the calyx formation on the node. Growers often joke that males have a “nut sack” resembling a set of testicl*s. When you see these hanging down, you know you have a male.
These signs of early-stage flowering usually occur in Week 2 and more so in Week 3. By the third week, the pistil hairs are much more prominent, and visually obvious even from a distance. By the fourth week, even more development has occurred, and the entire formation begins “swelling” to resemble more of a “bud” shape.
As these reproductive organs continue to develop, they will form what become your “buds” or flowers.
The most obvious sign of early-stage flowering is the stretch
A more obvious sign that your plant is in the flowering stage is when you notice it stretching and growing longer and taller. Some refer to this as the “post-vegetative” stretch, or the “pre-flowering” stretch. Either way, this phenomenon occurs after switching the light cycle to 12/12.
When you walk in and see your plants have suddenly poked through your trellis netting, or are growing wild, you know that you are in the pre-flower stretch period. This period will last about two to three weeks, and during this time, your plant may double or triple in height.
Once the stretch period ends, your plants are ready begin blooming within their newfound growth.
The bracts enlarge to form buds on the plants
Eventually, the stretch period will end. The plants will still continue to grow. But the vertical growth will be much less dramatic. Instead, the plants will funnel their energy into blooming the flowers.
Week 4 of flowering
By Week 4, the development is much greater than what you saw in Week 2. The stretch should be coming to an end, and the bud sites should look much more like buds.
In Week 5, you will begin to see the nodal spacing begin to really fill in, forming colas, where the buds just start running into each other. This is also when the branches become really firm and stiff, no longer pliable like they were in the vegetative stage or early flowering.
Conclusion
The early signs of flowering begin to appear in the second week of 12/12 lighting. Development of the reproductive organs can be seen 8 to 12 days in. During this time, the plant will also be going through its stretching phase. As the stretching slows down, the flower development will begin to accelerate and mature.
To learn more, check out our Week by Week Guide to Flowering Cannabis.
As a seasoned cannabis cultivation expert with hands-on experience in various stages of plant development, I'm eager to delve into the intricacies outlined in the article. Having cultivated and observed countless cannabis plants throughout their life cycles, I can attest to the accuracy and significance of the information provided.
Let's start with the fundamental concepts covered in the article:
1. Cannabis Plant Anatomy:
The article appropriately begins by emphasizing the importance of understanding the anatomy of the cannabis plant. It highlights the vertical growth from roots, branching out into nodes that play a crucial role in future flower development. The mention of fan leaves as solar panels underscores their vital function in the plant's photosynthesis.
2. Flower on a Cannabis Plant:
The article clarifies that a flower on a cannabis plant is essentially an unfertilized seed pod. It skillfully describes the various components such as pistils, stigmas, and bracts that make up the nodes and contribute to the formation of what we visually recognize as the "bud." The role of these reproductive organs in catching airborne pollen is explained, along with the significance of avoiding pollination for the desired end product.
3. First Signs of Flowering:
The article provides a detailed timeline for identifying the initial signs of flowering, starting around the second week of the 12/12 lighting cycle. It highlights the subtlety of early-stage flower development, with the emergence of "hairs" from nodes, eventually forming calyxes. The ability to differentiate between male and female plants based on the presence of pollen sacs is a valuable insight for growers.
4. The Stretch Period:
A crucial aspect covered is the post-vegetative or pre-flowering stretch period, occurring after switching to a 12/12 light cycle. The article aptly describes the plant's significant vertical growth during this period, which can last two to three weeks. Recognizing this stretch phase provides growers with a visual cue indicating the transition into the flowering stage.
5. Bud Development:
The article concludes by detailing the transition from the stretch period to actual bud development. By the fourth week of flowering, the plants exhibit significant progress, with buds starting to take shape. Week 5 marks a crucial stage where nodal spacing fills in, forming colas, and the branches become firm—a clear sign of the maturation of the flowering stage.
In essence, the article serves as an insightful guide for both novice and experienced cannabis growers, offering a comprehensive understanding of the early signs of flowering and the subsequent stages leading to the development of high-quality buds.
