Physically unclonable cryptographic primitives using self-assembled carbon nanotubes. | Semantic Scholar (2024)

Two-dimensional random bits array with over 2000 bits were fabricated by the ion-exchange chemistry method to assemble nanotubes into patterned HfO2 trenches, with the optimized trench width that maximizes the entropy.

This work shows that pairs of identical PUFs (twin PUFs) can be fabricated together on an aligned carbon nanotube array and used for secure communication without key pre-extraction and storage and exhibits high uniformity, uniqueness, randomness and reliability.

Multigated CNT field effect transistors (CNT-FETs)-based PUFs, where inherent randomness of CNT network and a multigated channel are utilized to generate high-quality random keys are proposed, which can create significantly more entropy than binary or ternary keys of the same size generated by typical PUFs.

This work has built the foundation for implementing a PUF consisting of a TMD, namely tungsten disulfide, which has been synthesized using chemical vapor deposition in the close proximity approach.

This work demonstrates exceptionally robust CNT-based PUFs exhibiting a highly uniform distribution, based on the clearly distinguishable states of the encapsulated PUF cells, leading to fully stable hardware-stored binary keys.

A hybrid silicon CMOS-nanotube PUF circuit that uses the variations of nanotube transistors to generate a random response to increase the immunity of the hybrid PUF against an unauthorized duplication is introduced.

The generated PUF keys exhibit good randomness and uniqueness, providing a possibility for harvesting highly secured PUF devices with two-dimensional materials.

Evaluation of the keys using Hamming inter-distance values indicates that performance is improved by varying the ratio of molecules to nanoparticles in the network, which demonstrates self-assembly as a potential path toward implementing molecular-scale hardware security primitives.

The first TRNG is demonstrated using static random access memory (SRAM) cells based on solution-processed SWCNTs that digitize thermal noise to generate random bits, resulting in an output stream that passes standardized statistical tests for randomness.

This work demonstrated that the proposed CNT-based PUFs are exceptionally robust with an average fractional intra-device Hamming distance well below 0.01 both at room temperature and under varying temperatures in the range from 23 ∘C to 120 ∙C.

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This work presents a highly-reliable, PUF-based, cryptographic key generator that uses no ECC, but instead uses built-in self-test to determine which PUF bits are reliable and only uses those bits for key generation.

A novel memristive PUF (M-PUF) architecture that utilizes variations in the write-time of a memristor as an entropy source is described and results presented show strong statistical performance for the M- PUF in terms of uniqueness, uniformity, and bit-aliasing.

This chapter provides a classification for past and ongoing work in physical disorder based security alongside with security analyses and implementation examples and outlines some open problems and future research opportunities.

A block cipher is constructed based on PUF-PRFs that allows simultaneous protection against algorithmic and physical attackers, in particular against memory attacks, and a concrete instantiation based on established SRAM technology that closes these gaps.

This paper is the first to provide an in-depth and comprehensive literature overview on HDAs, and does expose new threats regarding helper data leakage and manipulation.

This paper provides an overview of memristor based PUF structures and circuits that illustrate the potential for nanoelectronic hardware security solutions.

The ability to securely couple the randomness contained within two unique physical objects can extend to strengthen hardware required by a variety of cryptographic protocols, which is currently a critically weak link in the security pipeline of the authors' increasingly mobile communication culture.

This paper presents the first large-scale security analysis of ASIC implementations of the five most popular intrinsic electronic PUF types, including arbiter, ring oscillator, SRAM, flip-flop and latch PUFs, and quantifies the robustness and unpredictability properties of PUFs.

It is shown that ion-exchange chemistry can be used to fabricate arrays of individually positioned carbon nanotubes with a density as high as 1×10(9)cm(-2)-two orders of magnitude higher than previous reports.

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