Marigolds, papel picado and alebrijes: The visual language of the new Disney-Pixar film 'Coco' (2024)

Inspiration can happen at any moment. For Disney-Pixar director Lee Unkrich, it happened during a visit with his family to Epcot at Walt Disney World in 2011.

"We were in the Mexico Pavilion and I was looking at some paper mache sculptures. That started the first little seed of me thinking there had never been a film about Dia de los Muertos (Day of the Dead)," he said.

Coco is based in Mexico. It is about a young boy named Miguel whose family comes from a long tradition of shoemakers that shun music out of respect for their great-great-grandmother. That presents a big problem for Miguel because he wants to be a musician and secretly worships the country's biggest singing idol, Ernesto de la Cruz.

Miguel pursues his dream on Dia de Los Muertos, a celebration dating back to pre-Columbian times that honors deceased family members. In the film, Day of the Dead is the only time the spirits of family members can return to the Land of the Living to visit their loved ones.

In his pursuit to become a singer, Miguel finds himself trapped in the spirit world and will need the help of his ancestors to get him back to the Land of the Living.

Originally, Pixar considered focusing the movie on death and overcoming grief, but filmmakers changed their focus after traveling to Mexico to research the holiday.

"This celebration isn't about letting go, it's about keeping memories alive and celebrating life," said Adrian Molina, who co-directed the film.

The movie is ripe with Mexican imagery and traditions that may be new to American families.

Altars or Ofrendas

Day of the Dead is celebrated on November 2 to coincide with All Souls Day in Christianity. In Mexico, families start setting up altars up to a week before. The altars include some basic elements. Usually, a cloth is put over a table.

"You leave offerings of food and drink and things that your loves ones enjoyed in life to greet them and nourish them once they come home," said Molina.

Candles help guide the spirits back to this world. While it is not required, more elaborate altars can have at least three levels to represent heaven, earth, and purgatory. Other elements include bright orange marigold flowers, sugar skulls, Day of the Dead bread, colorful perforated paper and incense.

Photos of deceased loved ones are a central part of ofrendas.

"You begin to share stories and memories about your loved ones. Sometimes they are sentimental, sometimes they are funny, sometimes they are a little tongue-in-cheek. It creates a space of shared stories and active memory,"

The photos in the altar play a key role in the movie. A photograph uncovers a secret about his past through a photograph in his family's altar.

Coco's creators added an additional element in the movie that only spirits who were remembered with a photo can return to visit their families on Day of the Dead.

Marigold flowers or Cempasuchil

If there is a color of the Dia de los Muertos, it has to be orange. That is the color of the cempasuchil or marigold flower. In Aztec times, the bright orange flowers represented the sun.

The distinctive smell of the flowers is said to guide the spirits back to the land of the living.

The flowers bloom just in time for the celebration and are used to decorate altars. While visiting Mexico, Coco filmmakers saw marigold petals scattered at cemeteries and used to make crosses in altars. That made a lasting impression that made its way into the movie.

"They felt so iridescent, even at night," said Coco story artist Dean Kelly, who liked the way the flowers combined with the glow given off by candles. "We came up with the idea that what if there was a literal bridge made of marigolds."

The marigold bridge is used by ancestors to cross over into the land of the living on the Day of the Dead.

"The marigold bridge literally connects those two worlds and that is building on the mythology of marigold petals representing the path to family," said Harley Jessup, Coco production designer.

There are no flowers depicted in Coco's Land of the Dead, except for marigolds brought back by the ancestors.

Papel Picado

Papel picado is the colorful perforated tissue paper that is usually found hanging in Mexican restaurants to provide a festive atmosphere. It also plays an important role in Day of the Dead celebrations. In pre-Columbian times, Aztecs hung paper over altars to represent the wind. Those papers may have included images of deities. Papel picado is now used in modern-day altars. They include images of skulls or flower designs. The paper comes in many colors, but purple is said to represent mourning and yellow signifies purity.

Papel picado plays an important part in Coco. The opening sequence of the movie animates images of papel picado to tell the backstory of Miguel's family and why music is shunned.

Calaveras

Among the first decisions, Coco filmmakers had to make was how to depict the deceased. Mexican culture has many depictions of skeletons, known as calaveras. They first gained prominence through the art of Jose Guadalupe Posada, an illustrator, and satirist who depicted political figures as skulls in the late 1800s leading up to the Mexican Revolution. Calaveras is now one of the most popular forms of Mexican folk art.

The characters in Coco don't stray too far from this style. The bodies were modified slightly to keep clothes from falling through stacks of bones and skulls were designed to show more expression. In contrast to Mexican folk art, which usually depicts the eyes of calaveras as black holes, Coco's characters have eyes and big brows to show more emotion.

The faces of the ancestors have colorful designs etched into them around the eyes and chin, much like people in Mexican communities draw on their faces during Day of the Dead celebrations.

Alebrijes

Coco took the biggest license with alebrijes. These are wood carved figurines created by artist Pedro Linares in the 1930s when he fell very ill. Linares had hallucinations and after he recovered, he began creating unusual creatures that blended aspects of distinct animals, like lions and eagles, and donkeys and butterflies.

The brightly colored figurines are collected to display in homes. Pixar character artist Alonso Martinez fell in love with the figurines as a child and has a collection of them in his office. He helped incorporate them into Coco.

Alebrijes do not have mythology associated with them but they were given one for the movie.

They are depicted as spiritual guardians. One the most imposing of the alebrijes in Coco is Pepita, a mashup of a lion and an eagle that guides Mama Imelda, Miguel's great-great-grandmother who is key in getting him back to the Land of the Living.

The movie presented some challenges for Pixar.

"The last thing I wanted to do was make a film that felt like it was made by an outsider. I am not Latino and I will never be Latino," said Unkrich. "If we have any missteps it is not for lack of trying.

Pixar brought in advisers from the Latino community to provide input on the film and for the first time in its filmmaking process screened the movie with non-employees every 12 weeks to make changes when necessary.

Unkrich said his team made big changes to the movie after getting input from the advisers, some of which made the movie more entertaining.

"Early on in the story reels abuelita (Miguel's grandmother) carried a wooden spoon around with her that was tucked into her apron and she would whip that out and she would beat people with it when she was angry at them," said Unkrich. "It was one of our advisers who said, "No, No, No, It has to be her chancla. She has to pull off her slipper and beat them with it."

Copyright © 2022 KABC Television, LLC. All rights reserved.

Marigolds, papel picado and alebrijes: The visual language of the new Disney-Pixar film 'Coco' (2024)

FAQs

What do the marigolds symbolize in Coco? ›

The marigold bridge is used by ancestors to cross over into the land of the living on the Day of the Dead. "The marigold bridge literally connects those two worlds and that is building on the mythology of marigold petals representing the path to family," said Harley Jessup, Coco production designer.

What does papel picado symbolize in Coco? ›

Papel picado is the colorful perforated tissue paper that is usually found hanging in Mexican restaurants to provide a festive atmosphere. It also plays an important role in Day of the Dead celebrations. In pre-Columbian times, Aztecs hung paper over altars to represent the wind.

What do the flowers represent in Coco? ›

The orange flower seen throughout the film is the Aztec marigold (known also as the Mexican marigold or the Cempasúchil). The flower is used in the tradition of Dia de los Muertos in México to guide the deceased to the living.

What does alebrijes mean in Coco? ›

Presented in Coco as spirit animals, alebrijes, fantastical creatures made out of paper maché or carved from wood, are not specifically associated with Día de Muertos in Mexican culture.

What does papel picado symbolize? ›

Papel picado serves as a colorful and meaningful trim: black represents death, purple means grief of mourning, pink is celebration, white symbolizes hope and yellow stands for the sun. Sugar skulls, or calaveras, add a lighthearted touch, for both the dead and the living.

What do the marigolds symbolize in this story? ›

Miss Lottie's marigolds represent the possibility of a happy, beautiful life—even amid the dreariness of poverty. Lizabeth describes the shantytown where she lives as grim, dusty, and colorless. Since she's a child, she's not consciously aware of how poor she is, but she does see how miserable her surroundings are.

What is the message behind Coco? ›

Disney Pixar's Coco follows the journey of young Miguel to find his great-great grandfather in the Land of the Dead. Coco provides us with a strong reminder that despite death, family history can transcend the years and continue to shape our families for generations to come.

What does Coco teach about Mexican culture? ›

Coco​ is a lovely representation of the heartwarming tradition of Dia de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, which celebrates and remembers family members who have passed on. The film focuses on, Miguel, a young boy who dreams of becoming a big musician, despite his families generational ban on music.

What are some symbols in Coco? ›

Flowers, Butterflies and Skulls Are Common Symbols

Throughout the Coco movie, you will see many of these elements. But most notable are the presence of marigold flowers throughout the Land of the Dead.

Why do they make a path with the flower petals in Coco? ›

Entering the Land of the Dead

In their visits to Mexico on Día de los Muertos, the filmmakers would see trails of marigold petals leading from cemeteries to houses — a symbolic path to help guide ancestors home.

What does Coco teach us about the Day of the Dead? ›

Coco revolves around the tradition of the Day of the Dead and represents the Mexican customs of this day. It speaks of the altar of the dead and the flower of Cempasúchil (a Mexican flower) that plays an important role because according to ancient traditions this flower connects both worlds and guides the dead.

What does the dog symbolize in Coco? ›

Dante was inspired by the Xoloitzcuintle breed (or “Xolo”), which is also the Mexico's national dog. The Xolo is featured in legends of the Aztec afterlife where Xolos act as spirit guides to the dead as they make their journey to the underworld.

Is Coco an accurate representation of Mexican culture? ›

The Mexican traditions in "Coco" are not only accurate; they are also crafted with genuine enthusiasm and appreciation for the culture of Mexico itself, built organically from real-life experience.

What is the story behind Alebrijes? ›

The origin of the Alebrijes can be traced to Pedro Linares, an artist who lived in Mexico City in the 1930s. Linares said that in 1936 he was very ill and then became unconscious. While in a state of unconsciousness, he began to hallucinate and see visions of a forest with strange animals.

What is the meaning of Alebrijes? ›

The word Alebrije means “imaginary” or “fantasy,” describing a style of animal carvings with exceptional paint schemes.

What do marigolds represent in Day of the Dead? ›

Prized for their bright coloring and potent fragrance, marigolds are thought to attract the souls of the dead to the ofrendas prepared for them. Families will often scatter marigold petals forming a path from their front doors to the ofrenda waiting within the home.

Why is papel picado important to Day of the Dead? ›

Papel picado, or traditional paper banners, represent the wind. Earth is represented by food, especially bread. Candles are often left in the form of a cross to represent the cardinal directions, so the spirits can find their way. Every state in Mexico has its own particular way of setting up their ofrendas.

What things are in the cemetery during the Day of the Dead in Coco? ›

The film is rich in Day of the Dead imagery such as decorated cemeteries and ofrendas (offerings)—temporary memorial spaces devoted to deceased family and friends. These spaces are filled with favorite foods and beverages, images of loved ones, candles and an abundance of cempasúchil (marigolds).

What is the theme or message in marigolds? ›

In the story Marigolds, by Eugenia Collier, the reader discovers the theme is to be innocent is to be a child and in order for one to mature, they must become compassionate.

What do the flowers symbolize in this story? ›

Even the title of the story is symbolic “The Flowers” stands for the childhood purity and its loss. Throughout the story, Walker uses flowers to depict both innocence and the loss of it. Moreover, she specifically has named the little girl Myop – short for Myopia.

What figurative language is in marigolds? ›

Figurative Language

Lizabeth uses the hyperbole when her father is crying, because he is incapable of finding a job. She remembers an easier time when, "[He] laughed so loud that the great oak seemed to laugh with him" (Collier 147).

What lesson did you learn from the movie Coco? ›

The main thread throughout the movie is the importance of family. If we are lucky enough to have a family that loves and cares for us we should return that love to them and never forget them even after they pass to the other side.

What is the conclusion of Coco? ›

In the movie's final act, Miguel returns to the living and hopes to restore Coco's memories of Héctor. The song returns again. He pleads with her: “I saw your papá!” Hunched over in her wheelchair, she seems to stare off into nowhere.

What is the target audience for the movie Coco? ›

“Coco,” one of the largest U.S. productions ever to feature an almost entirely Latino cast, is drawing large audiences among Latinos for its depiction of Mexican culture at a time when many feel uneasy about their place in the nation's policies, including immigration.

What do butterflies symbolize in Coco? ›

The book also includes monarch butterflies, which she said “signify the spirits of loved ones coming to visit.” She added that the teacher in the book is named after a dear friend who was also a teacher and passed away at a young age.

What illness is Coco suffering from? ›

Coco's memory loss looks like the result of dementia, a series of brain changes that make it harder to think, remember, communicate, and function. Dementia affects 47 million people worldwide, and although the movie never names it specifically, Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause for people over age 65.

What is the famous line from Coco? ›

If there's no one left in the living world to remember you, you disappear from this world.

Why do people fade in Coco? ›

The Final Death occurs to be a dead spirit in the Land of the Dead if nobody in the Land of the Living remembers them. They will become weaker as the last living person who remembers them begins to forget them, and will eventually fade away into oblivion as they are forgotten.

Why is memory important in Coco? ›

Besides the covering the topics of dreams and family, the movie reveals an important idea about memory: 'memory defines who we are to some extent'. The people in the land of the dead only exist because they live in other people's memories.

What is the importance of prayer in Coco? ›

We, the Body of Christ who are still in this world, can perform atonement works for all the souls in purgatory. That's why praying for those who have nobody to pray for them is so important, that no one will end up in Shanty Town. Chicharron disappears MIGUEL: Wait -- what happened? HÉCTOR: He's been forgotten.

Is Coco a boy or girl dog name? ›

While Coco is a very popular choice of dog name for both boys and girls, Disney fans know that the name is far more special than that. The 2017 Disney-Pixar film Coco is a true celebration of Mexican culture. Mamá Coco is a kind-hearted old woman and the cherished great-grandmother of the film's protagonist, Miguel.

Who is Pepita Coco? ›

Pepita is an Alebrije who appears in the 2017 Pixar film, Coco. She was Mamma Imelda's pet Maine Coon cat when she was alive, and served as her Alebrije spirit guide in the afterlife. She is shown in her living form at the end of the movie, accompanying Dante.

What color is Dante from Coco? ›

Dante is an adorable brown, hairless Xolo dog. He has a pink tongue that usually lags on the side of his mouth.

How did Mexicans react to Coco? ›

But it was the appreciation and affection received in Mexico, where it opened first, that spoke volumes to Unkrich, Molina and Anderson. “It was very important to the team that it be a true representation of a Mexican family,” Molina said.

What is the ethical dilemma in Coco? ›

The dilemma is the tension between individual and community, between the free self and the claims of family and tradition. In Martin Heidegger's terms, we must balance determination and freedom – we are thrown into a world not of our making, yet we project forward through our choices.

What is considered disrespectful in Mexican culture? ›

Mexicans often "hold" a gesture (a handshake, a squeeze of the arm, a hug) longer than Americans and Canadians do. Don't stand with your hands on your hips; this signifies anger. It is considered rude to stand around with your hands in your pockets.

What are the 4 elements of alebrijes? ›

Pedro Linares' grandson, Leonardo Linares Vargas said that he believes Alebrijes should contain qualities of animals from 3 out of the 4 elements (air, water, earth, fire).

What language is alebrijes? ›

Los alebrijes are Mexican folk art sculptures of fantastical animals invented by Pedro Linares López in 1936 in Mexico. They're made of paper or wood and represent an imaginary animal, combining the form of two or more animals.

What is the importance of alebrijes? ›

Their role was to link the spirits and the real world and guide a person through their lives. Spiritual guides for your soul, reminders of your place in the world, and society, holders of the torch; They are meant to lead you in your path and help you become who you are supposed to be.

What are 10 facts about alebrijes? ›

9 Fun Facts about Alebrijes
  • Alebrijes are folk art from Mexico.
  • The style of art was started with Pedro Linares. ...
  • They are Mexicos most recognized art forms.
  • Alebrijes are carved a local wood called copal. ...
  • They do not come from a religious mythology. ...
  • Each person brings their own artistry to making Alebrijes.
17 Oct 2017

How to know my spirit animal? ›

A few techniques for discovering your spirit animal
  1. Learn about the animal connections in your own lineage. ...
  2. Pay attention to your dreams. ...
  3. Think about your past connections to certain animals. ...
  4. Journal about the animals that you feel drawn to. ...
  5. Take a quiz. ...
  6. Bear. ...
  7. Butterfly. ...
  8. Cat.

What are some symbols in the movie Coco? ›

Flowers, Butterflies and Skulls Are Common Symbols

Throughout the Coco movie, you will see many of these elements. But most notable are the presence of marigold flowers throughout the Land of the Dead.

What is the message of Marigolds? ›

Wong relate to the theme that “the road to growing up and maturing isn't always smooth”. “Marigolds is the story of an adolescent who is growing up in the Great Depression. Through hard experiences and tumultuous emotions, the narrator learns that growing up is full of ups and downs.

What is the purpose of the Marigolds candles and incense that are placed on the altar? ›

Here are the ofrendas that you will typically see on a Dia de los Muertos altar: Candles - Candles are lit to welcome the spirits back to their altars. Marigolds - These yellow-orange flowers, also called cempasúchitl, symbolize death. Their strong fragrance also help lead the dead back to their altars.

What does Coco teach us about culture? ›

The driving goal of the film was to “ensure that Mexicans and Mexican Americans felt that their cultural traditions were respected.” The big theme stemming from ​Coco​ is that death is not something that should be feared and the driving force of the film is a focus on the family.

What culture does Coco represent? ›

The movie Coco was released in November of 2017 and has had a lot of buzz since then. The Disney cartoon follows a young boy wanting to become a musician and trying to follow in his Mexican tradition.

What is the moral of the story Coco? ›

It was found that there were nine types of moral values found in the movie "Coco". They are honesty, courage, peace of ability, self-confidence and potential, loyalty and dependability, respect, love and affection, unselfishness and sensitivity and finally, kindness and friendliness.

What is the emotion of marigold? ›

In modern western culture, marigolds symbolize positive emotions and energy. They are effective in bringing joy and optimism owing to their vibrant colours, which probably is the reason for their inclusion in festivities in India.

What are some themes in marigolds? ›

Marigolds Themes
  • Coming of Age. ...
  • The Importance of Beauty. ...
  • Poverty.

What is the conclusion of marigolds? ›

After hearing what her parents had to say in their conversation, she comes to the conclusion that if her life is not fair, then the life of others should not be fair either. The conclusion that Lizabeth comes to indirectly characterizes her as depressed as she feels as if her life is empty.

What is the belief behind the color and scent of the flower marigold? ›

It is believed that the spirits of the dead visit the living during the celebration. Marigolds guide the spirits to their altars using their vibrant colors and pungent scent. Marigolds, or flowers in general, also represent the fragility of life.

What do marigolds symbolize in Day of the Dead? ›

Prized for their bright coloring and potent fragrance, marigolds are thought to attract the souls of the dead to the ofrendas prepared for them. Families will often scatter marigold petals forming a path from their front doors to the ofrenda waiting within the home.

What does lighting a candle symbolize? ›

The candlelight symbolizes birth, death, resurrection, and sacredness. It also represents the light amid the darkness of life, bright future, vitality of the sun, or uncertainty of life and transience. Candles lit at the time of death give light to the darkness of death and symbolize the light in the afterlife.

What is the secret of Coco? ›

'Coco' secrets: Disney reveals things you may not know
  • Filmmakers borrowed elements from other Pixar movies. ...
  • The director's son created the guitar's design. ...
  • Artists spent months finding the right look for the characters. ...
  • Skeletons make a subtle appearance. ...
  • The only living plants are marigolds.
20 Nov 2017

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