How to Buy a House With No Money Down - NerdWallet (2024)

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Saving for a down payment is often the biggest roadblock for first-time home buyers. The good news is, you don’t need to put down 20% to buy a home.

In fact, you may be able to buy a house with no money down if you served in the military, are a rural home buyer, are a member of a credit union or qualify for 100% financing through certain mortgage lenders. Down payment assistance programs can also make it possible to buy a house with very little money out of pocket.

Find out more about no-down-payment mortgages and whether they’re right for your situation.

» MORE: Best lenders for no- and low-down-payment mortgages

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No-down-payment mortgage options

There are two government-backed loans that allow you to buy a home with no down payment.

VA loans

If you or your spouse are a qualifying current service member or veteran, you may be eligible for a VA loan guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs.

What to expect: VA loans require no minimum down payment or private mortgage insurance, but you do have to pay a funding fee, which covers the cost of foreclosure in case you default on the loan.

While the VA doesn’t set a minimum credit score or income requirement, lenders do. The property also has to be your primary residence and meet the VA’s minimum safety standards.

» MORE: Best VA mortgage lenders

USDA loans

USDA loans are zero-down mortgages backed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for low- and moderate-income home buyers in eligible rural areas.

What to expect: While USDA loans don’t technically require mortgage insurance, you are required to pay a guarantee fee, which protects the lender in the event of foreclosure.

The USDA doesn’t have a minimum credit score requirement, but lenders often require a score of at least 640.

» MORE: Best USDA mortgage lenders

Physician loans

If you are a medical professional, you may qualify for a physician loan with no down payment.

What to expect: Physician loans don't require private mortgage insurance, and typically have flexible proof of employment requirements and accommodate higher debt-to-income ratios because of the large amount of medical school debt the borrower may have.

Other 100% mortgages

Government loans aren’t the only game in town when it comes to no-down-payment home loans.

Some, but not all, lenders offer their own 100% mortgage financing. These loans aren’t common because of the risk involved for lenders; they can lose a lot of money if you default on the mortgage and end up in foreclosure.

What to expect: Depending on the mortgage lender, they may require that the loan is for your primary home, that you live in a certain area or that you have an excellent credit score. If your mortgage lender is a credit union, you’ll need to be a member.

» MORE: Best credit union mortgage lenders

🤓Nerdy Tip

A no-down-payment mortgage doesn’t mean you won’t pay anything out of pocket. Even with a zero-down-payment requirement, you should plan to pay closing costs like origination and title-related fees and mortgage insurance. An earnest money deposit may also be needed to show the seller you are serious about the purchase.

Pros and cons of no-down-payment home loans

While you may feel like you won the lottery with a no-down-payment loan, there are advantages and disadvantages:

PROS

  • You don't have to save up as much money.

  • You can become a homeowner sooner.

  • You'll have more cash in your pocket for upgrades or expenses.

CONS

  • You'll have little or no equity in your home for the first few years of homeownership.

  • You may have to pay mortgage insurance premiums and higher monthly mortgage payments, interest rates or fees.

  • You may still have to bring some money to the table to pay closing costs or make an earnest money deposit.

Mortgage loans from our partners

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620

Min. down payment

1%

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620

Min. down payment

3%

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Low-down-payment mortgage options

If you don’t qualify for a no-down-payment mortgage, the next best thing could be a loan that requires a small down payment. The minimum requirements vary depending on the type of mortgage and the lender you choose.

FHA loans

FHA loans, which are backed by the Federal Housing Administration, require a down payment of as little as 3.5% for borrowers with a credit score of 580 or greater. But if your score falls between 500 and 579, you will have to put down 10%.

What to expect: In order to qualify for an FHA loan, there are debt-to-income ratio requirements, and the property must meet FHA’s minimum standards. You’ll also have to pay for FHA mortgage insurance.

» MORE: Best lenders for FHA loans

HomeReady and Home Possible loans

Some conventional mortgages, such as HomeReady and Home Possible loans, require as little as 3% down and are designed for low-income home buyers.

What to expect: Fannie Mae’s HomeReady mortgage allows a credit score as low as 620. With Freddie Mac’s Home Possible loans, you need a score of at least 660.

While you have to pay private mortgage insurance, both of these low-down-payment conventional loans allow you to cancel it when your equity reaches 20%. If all borrowers on the loan are first-time home buyers, at least one person has to take a homeownership education course to qualify.

» MORE: Best conventional mortgage lenders

Good Neighbor Next Door

If you are a teacher, police officer, emergency medical technician or firefighter, the Good Neighbor Next Door program may help you buy a home with as little as $100 down.

What to expect: Even if you’re in a qualifying profession, Good Neighbor Next Door mortgages can only be used to buy foreclosed homes in designated revitalization areas. The supply of houses is limited, and you must commit to use the home as your primary residence for at least three years.

Down payment assistance programs

If you don’t initially qualify for a no- or low- down-payment mortgage, don’t despair. There are many state and local first-time home buyer programs that offer down payment and closing cost assistance.

» MORE: Down payment assistance: How to get help buying a house

How to Buy a House With No Money Down - NerdWallet (2024)

FAQs

How to Buy a House With No Money Down - NerdWallet? ›

In fact, you may be able to buy a house with no money down if you served in the military, are a rural home buyer, are a member of a credit union or qualify for 100% financing through certain mortgage lenders. Down payment assistance programs can also make it possible to buy a house with very little money out of pocket.

What credit score do I need to buy a house with no money down? ›

A USDA loan is insured by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and is meant for low- to moderate-income home buyers. The USDA doesn't require a down payment and doesn't set a minimum credit score requirement, though most lenders will want borrowers to have at least a 640.

How do you buy a house if you don't make enough money? ›

State Or Local Assistance

Some state or local housing agencies may offer down payment assistance as grants or forgivable loans. You should also look into your state's mortgage credit certificate program, which gives lower-income homeowners a tax credit for interest paid on their mortgage.

What is the easiest mortgage to get approved for? ›

Government-backed loan options, such as FHA, USDA and VA loans, are typically the easiest type of mortgage to get because they may have lower down payment and credit score requirements compared to conventional mortgage loans.

What credit score is needed for a 300K house? ›

The required credit score to buy a $300K house typically ranges from 580 to 720 or higher, depending on the type of loan. For an FHA loan, the minimum credit score is usually around 580.

What is minimum credit limit to buy a house? ›

The minimum credit score needed for most mortgages is typically around 620. However, government-backed mortgages like Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loans typically have lower credit requirements than conventional fixed-rate loans and adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs).

What is considered house poor? ›

A house poor person is anyone whose housing expenses account for an exorbitant percentage of their monthly budget. Individuals in this situation are short of cash for discretionary items and tend to have trouble meeting other financial obligations, such as vehicle payments.

How is anyone supposed to afford a house? ›

Keep your monthly payment to no more than 25% of your take-home pay. If you're a first-time home buyer, put at least 5–10% down. But 20% or more is even better because you'll avoid paying PMI! Pay for closing costs and moving expenses with cash.

What is the 28 36 rule? ›

According to the 28/36 rule, you should spend no more than 28% of your gross monthly income on housing and no more than 36% on all debts. Housing costs can include: Your monthly mortgage payment. Homeowners Insurance. Private mortgage insurance.

What credit score do you need for a $250000 mortgage? ›

To qualify for a conventional loan, you'll need a credit score of at least 620, though some lenders may choose to approve conventional mortgage applications only for borrowers with credit scores of 680 and up.

What is the hardest home loan to get? ›

Conventional loans are traditionally tougher to obtain than government-backed mortgages, and that's still pretty much the case today. Conventional lenders are generally looking for a credit score of at least 740, which is higher than the typical minimum score required for government-backed loans.

Where is the hardest place to get a mortgage? ›

In Switzerland, which tops the list, the average age for first time buyers is 48. With a difference of £91,892 ($122,859), a first-time buyer in the UK will have to stump up at least 15-20% of this to secure a mortgage based on average salary.

What is a red flag in mortgage? ›

Red Flag #1: When they offer you a rate that's lower than the APR. When a mortgage's APR is much higher than the actual rate, it means that the fees are a lot higher, too - and you'll be paying them over the life of your loan. A low rate might be enticing, but you have to consider the long-term cost.

Why would a lender deny a mortgage? ›

Most often, loans are declined because of poor credit, insufficient income or an excessive debt-to-income ratio. Reviewing your credit report will help you identify what the issues were in your case.

What question is a lender not allowed to ask? ›

Questions a mortgage lender should never ask

Sexual orientation. Disabilities. Family expansion plans (a lender can ask how many children you currently have and their ages, but it can't ask if you plan to have more or discriminate based on familial status)

What credit score is needed to buy a $400,000 house? ›

Most mortgages, including conventional loans, require a credit score of 620 or higher. It's possible to get an FHA loan with a credit score as low as 500, but many lenders require higher scores.

Can I buy a house with no money down with a 800 credit score? ›

That depends on your chosen loan program's requirements. For example, it's possible to qualify for a zero-down VA loan even with a credit score in the 500s. However, if you want to supplement a conventional loan with down payment assistance, you'll typically need at least a 620 score.

Can I buy a house with no money saved? ›

It's possible to buy a house with no money upfront, using mortgage products that don't require a down payment. There are a few things to keep in mind, though. For one, you're still on the hook for closing costs and any moving expenses when you close on the house.

How much can I borrow with a 700 credit score? ›

You can borrow from $1,000 to $100,000 or more with a 700 credit score. The exact amount of money you will get depends on other factors besides your credit score, such as your income, your employment status, the type of loan you get, and even the lender.

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