How Do Bees Make Honey? - PerfectBee (2024)

The Sweet Taste of Natural Honey

Do you love the taste of natural honey? Not merely from store shelves, but the real deal - honey straight from a local hive? There really is nothing to compare with the natural, sweet taste of honey straight from your own hive.

But how exactly do bees create honey? There's quite a story behind that. In fact, there are no foods on your table that have such a history behind them.

The creation of honey is an amazing process, leaving us with an appreciation for some of earth’s smallest creatures. We already know that honey bees are fascinating. They have certain goals in life and work collaboratively to achieve them. The design and purpose behind each step of the honey-making process means we respect nature's most effective producers.

Do All Bees Make Honey?

Not all bees are created equal when it comes to producing honey. Many bees pollinate and collect pollen to store for the cold months, so they can survive. Honey bees collect nectar and pollento make their sweet survival food - honey. In fact, theyproduce honey, beeswax, propolis and royal jelly.

There are only about 7 species within the honey bee family.But there are over 40 subspecies recognized within these 7 species. The magnificent little creatures that give us such a wonderful sweet treat are heavy-duty worker bees.

Why Do Bees Make Honey?

Think of someone whopreserves and stores their own food and why they might do that. They might tell you it is because they want to feed theirfamilies a healthy variety of vitamins and minerals throughout the cold months, when most fresh foods aren't available. Additionally, some might mention they would like to be certain to have plenty of food stored so they'll survive, regardless of circ*mstances (this was perhaps a little more likely as a response in the past).

Honey provides necessary energy through its vitamins and sugars. If you’ve ever heard the term ‘busy as a bee’ it is very literal. Bees flap their wings over 11,000 times a minute,which means they need a ton of energy. Storing their own honey helps guarantee that they have what they need, throughout the year.

Bees are very proactive! If you find a wild hive you might be surprised to see that they put aside enough honey to last them for years. If something were to happen to prevent them from foraging (i.e. a drought or lack of vegetation for foraging) the hive could potentially support a colony of bees of around 60,000 (at peak times) for a few years.

How do bees use their honey?

Bees need honey to feed their young.They also need honey to help them survive the cold winter months when they can’t get out to forage for food.

How Is Honey Made?

Foraging for Nectar

Bees will forage within a 5-mile radius of their hive, though they will generally stay as close as possible.It is interesting to watch how bees obtain their coordinates for this radius.

When you first bring your bees home, some beekeepers though not all, keep them in their hive for a few days.When let out, worker bees will make circles over the hive. This is their way of obtaining their coordinates, so they will know the location of their hive and will generally wander within that 5 miles radius.

There are many flowers that attract beesout foraging. These flowers contain sugary nectar and high protein pollen. Bees like apple, blackberry, dandelion, clover, golden rod, lavender, lime trees, ivy, rosemary and more.The sugar and proteincomponents give the bee's young (larvae)a good start to life. When they are full-fledged bees they also needthe energy to flap their wings so quickly.

When bees collect nectar, they usea long tongue, called a proboscis, that can slide down into the flower and suck nectar out like a straw. They store the nectar in a second stomach, sometimes called a honey stomach, that doesn’t digest nectar. It serves as a carrying purse and is in front of the digestive tract ofthe bee. The honey stomach can hold up to 70 mg of nectar and weigh almost as much as the bee itself.

Honey bees have tiny hairs on their bodies allowing pollen to stick to them, so they can carry both nectar and pollen while flying.While the worker bees are flying and storing nectar, the honeystomach begins mixing the nectar with enzymes to start pulling some of the water out of the nectar.

It is important to note that bees do not turn their vomit into honey. That is a myth. When the bee intakes the nectar they use one oftwo valves, sending the nectar into the bee’s digestion. Thisis a good thing, because if the worker bee needs energy while in flight she can use this option while foraging.

If she doesn't need the energy, then the nectar takes a second pathway into the honey stomach where it won’t be digested.Once bees make the choice to begin digesting the nectar, then that nectar cannotbe used to create honey.

Do bees prepare for summer?

Bees will forage heavily in the spring to get ready for a summer dearth. They prepare for a summer drought when there is little growth or pollination taking place.

Passing to a House Bee

When the worker returns to the hive with the nectar she has foraged, there will be a younger worker bee waiting. This waiting bee is often referred to as a house bee. Her job is to suck the nectar out of the honey stomach of the forager. Either way, the process is pretty intense!

Once the nectar has been transferred,the house bee will chew it for about 30 minutes. While chewing, she adds enzymes to the nectar to break it down, forming a simple syrup.The enzymes also reduce the water content in thenectar. This makes iteasier to digest and less likely to be plagued by bacteria while stored inside the hive.

Spreading the Syrup

Once this process is complete, the worker will distribute the resultant syrup over the comb of the hive. This is accomplishedby spitting up the nectar that she chewed for the past half hour. She will deposit this inside a cell in the honeycomb. Then she spreads the tops out to maximize the surface area, so that water can continue to evaporate from the honey syrupand make it thicker over time. Additionally,bees help reduce the water content by fanning the honey with their wings.

Capping the Honey

Once the honeyis to the right consistency and the water content at the right level, a bee will cap it with beeswax, ready for later consumption. The capping process is rather intense too. Bees will excrete a substance from their abdomen to cap the honey. Thiscomes from wax glands on their abdomen.The glands push out sheets of this substance, made up of scales, which dry to form beeswax.

How much honey can a colony consume in one year?

Alarge colony can consume 100-200 pounds of honey in a year.

What Bees Need to Make Honey

Bees need nectar and water to make honey.They need a place to live, such as the hive. They also need pollen. Adult bees don’t need much pollen.However,bee larvae need lots of pollen because of the high protein content.

Bees have other needs too. They need vitamins, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and minerals. They require each of these toraise healthy new bees.This, in turn, means raising healthy young workers and eventually foragers. These requirements all play a key role in the continuation of a thriving colony.

While nectar is a key building block for honey, pollen is a vital component for bee’s health in general.When bees arrive back at the hive with pollen caught in their hairs, it must be "processed". Pollen is for the larvae, instead of the adult bees. Adult bees will eat some of it for protein but larvae need it for their formation as they transform into adult bees.

When a bee arrives with pollen, it will be stored within the hive for later use as a protein source.Bees will also collect juice from plant sources and dust from animal feed, if necessary, to store as a future protein source if sufficient pollen is not available.

Bees eat differently, depending on their type and age. They all receive Vitamin B complex and Vitamin C nutrients from honey and pollen, but get their protein differently. The queen, males (drones), and larvae get their protein through a substance called royal jelly. It is a secretion that worker bees give off. Worker bees usually get their protein from what they are collecting and storing for a later date.

Bees are survivalist and will find what they need in one form or another.

The Make-Up of Honey

Anamazing aspect of honey is that it does not spoil, due toa process known as crenation. This ensures that, whenhoney has been drained of much of its water and with such a high sugar concentration, it will not spoil.

Bees need certain vitamins, nutrients, lipids, and minerals for their survival. Honey supplies most of these needs.Honey is made up of about 82% carbohydrates, mainly fructose and glucose.It also contains a variety of enzymes that help convert otherenzymes into fructose and glucose. Honey also has 18 different amino acids.

As if that wasn’t enough, honey contains a variety of vitamins and minerals. These includeVitamin B, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, calcium, iron, zinc, potassium, magnesium, chromium, as well as antioxidants like flavonoids.

Anyone familiar with diabetes and carbs probably understands the breakdown of honey. Honey is mostly carbohydrates. Carbs break down quickly and, when they do, the carbs are then converted to sugar (i.e. fructose and glucose). This in turn provides the energy bees need.

In layman’s terms, bees basically run around on a sugar high all day!

Most worker bees only live a matter of weeks during the peak season and they do not sleep. They effectively work themselves to death during that time and need a great deal of energy to get the job done.While honey gives them the huge energy boost they need, it also provides the necessary vitamins and minerals they need to maintain good health during their short life.

Different Types of Honey

There are many varieties of honey available. In the south it is very common to see clover and golden rod honey, for example. What impact do different flowers have on honey?

The type of honey your bees make willdepend on the plants they visit when collecting nectar.The plants visited will determine the taste, aroma, texture and color of the honey.

As a rule of thumb, honey that is clear or very light in color will usually be milder and less sweet. Darker honey, by comparison, will often have a more pronounced taste and be sweeter.

So if bees visit lavender to make their honey, the honey will likely have a lavender scent.If they visit clover fields, their honey may beless sweet, lighter in color and have a thinner texture than otherhoney.Bees can make honey from blueberry bushes, avocado plants, clover, buckwheat, sage, wild flowers, and even poison ivy. There is even the mystery of purple honey.

A Few Fascinating Facts About Honey Production

  1. Honey will never go bad. As long as it is kept away from air and water it will be good for years. The reason honey won’t spoil is because, without air and water, it is hard for any organism to survive, helping give honey a very long shelf life.
  2. One difference between raw organic honey and plain honey off a store shelf is that raw organic honey contains pollen. Pollen offers many benefits to both humans and bees. Raw organic honey will contain pollen as a source of protein for bees, which is needed to maintain their energy levels, especially in the colder winter months when foraging just isn’t a viable option for them.
  3. It takes 2 million flowers to produce 1 pound of honey
  4. One honey bee produces about 1/12th of a teaspoon of honey in her lifetime.
  5. Honey weighs about 12 pounds per gallon.
  6. The most expensive honey in the world is called “Elvish” honey. It is made naturally in Turkey and sells for around $6800 per kilogram (about$850 per cup)
  7. Honey is usually sold by weight instead of volume. Keep this in mind when purchasing honey because it can be sold either on or off the comb.If purchased with the comb, then you won't get as much honey.

The next time you see a honey bee, hopefully you will have a new respect for all the magnificent things one tiny creature can accomplish in its lifetime.

Prepare for the cold months, while stock is available.

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FAQs

How do bees create perfect hexagons? ›

Worker bees chew these wax pieces until they are soft and moldable enough to add to the construction of the honeycomb. When adding this wax, the bees will make circles in the wax and use their body heat to melt the wax from a circle shape into the perfect hexagon.

How exactly do bees make honey? ›

House bees take the nectar inside the colony and pack it away in hexagon-shaped beeswax honey cells. They then turn the nectar into honey by drying it out using a warm breeze made with their wings. Once the honey has dried out, they put a lid over the honey cell using fresh beeswax – kind of like a little honey jar.

How do bees make honey Question Answer? ›

A honeybee starts the honey making process by visiting flowers and gathering nectar (sweet juices) from those flowers. This nectar is converted into honey and stored in their hives.

Do bees get harmed making honey? ›

"Beekeepers are not hurting bees intentionally when they are harvesting honey. Almost everyone is doing it the same way I am doing it, although some are on a much larger scale. So it is helpful to clear this up: Harvesting honey does not hurt any bees.

Can you eat honeycomb? ›

You can eat the whole honeycomb, including the honey and waxy cells surrounding it. The raw honey has a more textured consistency than filtered honey. In addition, the waxy cells can be chewed as a gum. Honeycomb is a natural product made by bees to store their larvae, honey, and pollen.

Why do bees make hexagons instead of squares? ›

Circles would leave gaps in the honeycomb. Squares and triangles wouldn't leave gaps, but the hexagon works even better. The hexagon uses the least amount of material to hold the most weight. Bees can use these hexagons to store things.

Do bees eat honey or just make it? ›

A Bee's diet consists of honey and pollen.

Honey and pollen are the building blocks of a bee's diet. Bees eat honey because it provides them with energy-laden carbohydrates, while pollen's protein provides bees with essential amino acids.

Why is honey not vegan? ›

Vegans avoid eating honey to take a stand against bee exploitation and farming practices that are thought to harm bee health.

Do bees actually need honey? ›

Bees harvest the nectar and convert the sugary liquid to honey, the insects' primary source of carbohydrates. Honey provides the bees with the energy for flight, colony maintenance, and general daily activities. Pollen, often called “bee bread,” is the bees' main source of protein.

How do bees make honey in 5 steps? ›

In fact, it's hard not to be completely astonished by how these clever little creatures make this incredible natural product.
  1. Gathering the nectar. The first step for making honey is to find some nectar-producing flowers. ...
  2. Converting the nectar to honey. ...
  3. Fanning and ripening the honey. ...
  4. Sealing the honeycomb cell.
1 Feb 2021

What is honey Very short answer? ›

Honey is a sweet, viscous substance in liquid state produced by bees and some related insects from the nectar (sweet juice) obtained from flowers. Honey is stored in wax structures called honeycombs.

Why is PETA against beekeeping? ›

Profiting from honey requires the manipulation and exploitation of the insects' desire to live and protect their hive. Like other factory-farmed animals, honeybees are victims of unnatural living conditions, genetic manipulation, and stressful transportation.

Is it cruel to make honey? ›

Honey is made by bees for bees, and their health can be sacrificed when it is harvested by humans. Importantly, harvesting honey does not correlate with The Vegan Society's definition of veganism, which seeks to exclude not just cruelty, but exploitation.

Does honey expire? ›

In general, honey doesn't spoil. However, it can go bad if it's contaminated or incorrectly stored. If your honey has visible mold, or if it smells fermented or "off," then it's time to toss it.

Why is raw honey better for you? ›

Raw honey is only strained before it's bottled, which means it retains most of the beneficial nutrients and antioxidants that it naturally contains. Conversely, regular honey may undergo a variety of processing, which may remove beneficial nutrients like pollen and reduce its level of antioxidants.

Can you eat raw honey? ›

It is safe for people to consume both raw and regular honey, though it is a good idea to avoid types of honey that contain added sugars. Both raw and regular honey may contain tiny amounts of a bacteria known as Clostridium botulinum. This bacteria can cause botulism, which is a rare form of food poisoning.

Is raw honey good for you? ›

A good source of antioxidants

Raw honey contains an array of plant chemicals that act as antioxidants. Some types of honey have as many antioxidants as fruits and vegetables. Antioxidants help to protect your body from cell damage due to free radicals.

Can you eat beeswax? ›

That's because, yes, you can eat food grade beeswax! In fact, it's likely in more of the foods you eat than you think. Renowned chefs use beeswax in cooking because of its incredible sheen and subtle honey undertones. You'll find it being used as a glaze for turkeys, hams, pastries, and candies.

Do bees sleep? ›

Fascinating facts. It was the first record of sleep in any invertebrate. Honeybees sleep between 5 & 8 hours a day. More rest at night when darkness prevents them going out to collect pollen & nectar.

Is the beeswax edible? ›

Beeswax is considered nonpoisonous, but it may cause a blockage in the intestines if someone swallows a large amount. If an ointment is swallowed, the medicine component may also cause side effects or poisoning.

What keeps honey from spoiling? ›

Honey's low moisture content keeps bacteria from surviving. And without bacteria at work, honey just doesn't spoil. Plus, honey is acidic enough to ward off most of the bacteria and organisms that spoil other food. What's more, the bees add their own enzymes to honey, and these enzymes produce hydrogen peroxide.

Why you shouldn't feed honey to bees? ›

Can I feed a stranded bumblebee some honey? Do not give bumblebees honey as this can contain pathogens (which is why honeybee keepers never feed shop-bought honey to their bees).

Will we starve without bees? ›

Bees play a significant role in the food we eat directly through pollination. Although some plants rely on wind for cross-pollination, while others rely on animals, other insects, or birds, most rely on bees for pollination. Without pollination, seeds won't form and thus we won't have the food supply.

What are the 4 types of vegans? ›

The four main types of vegans are ethical vegans, environmental vegans, health vegans, and religious vegans.

Why do vegans not drink milk? ›

The Reasons Vegans Don't Drink Milk

Like a Vegetarian, Vegans express animal rights concerns with all elements of farming. In short, it is not the cow's choice to provide milk for human consumption, so why should we drink it? Sometimes, within farming, there is poor treatment of animals.

What do bees eat if they don't make honey? ›

Bees feed on nectar and pollen collected by foragers — older worker bees with beefy flight muscles. Some foragers gather nectar, which they store in an elastic pouch in the gut known as a “honey stomach”; others collect pollen grains, packing them in “baskets” on their rear legs.

Why do bees bump into you? ›

Run. If a colony of bees thinks you're a predator, it first sends out a few guard bees to warn you away by "head butting" you, according to a guide by the U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service's Saguaro National Park.

Why can't humans live without bees? ›

They are critical pollinators: they pollinate 70 of the around 100 crop species that feed 90% of the world. Honey bees are responsible for $30 billion a year in crops. That's only the start. We may lose all the plants that bees pollinate, all of the animals that eat those plants and so on up the food chain.

What are 5 facts about honey bees? ›

A honey bee can fly up to 15 miles per hour. A honey bee worker only makes an average of 1/12 of a teaspoon in her lifetime. One ounce of honey would fuel a bees flight around the world. A pound honey is made by 2 million flower visits.

Can bees turn sugar water into honey? ›

The answer is “they can't.” Bees can never turn sugar syrup into honey. Harry Potter himself couldn't do it. Syrup is made from granulated sugar (sucrose) dissolved in water. After the bees get done finagling with it, enzyming it, fanning it, and storing it you still have sugar dissolved in water.

Is honey vegan? ›

Honey is by definition not vegan, since it a bee product, and bees are animals. Here's a nuanced article about how the ethical issues surrounding this sweetener fit into the broader concept of vegan living.

Is honey a plant or animal? ›

While bees make honey themselves, which is an animal product, whether you consume it or not depends on your beliefs as a vegan.

Is honey similar to human blood? ›

Honey is a substance whose chemical composition is very close to that of human blood, and it has a different impact on the system depending on whether you consume it raw, with cold water, or in warm water.

Why do we eat honey? ›

Honey contains antioxidants, which can protect the body from inflammation. Inflammation can lead to a variety of health issues, including heart disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.

How long does it take for 1 bee to make honey? ›

The process of making honey lasts approximately 45 days, where each bee develops a specific function. In this way, through teamwork, the correct development of the process is guaranteed, and therefore the creation of a high quality honey.

How is honey made steps? ›

How Do Bees Make Honey?
  1. Step 1: Worker bees collect nectar. When the worker bee has found a good source of nectar, she gets to work! ...
  2. Step 2: Worker bees pass the nectar to house bees. ...
  3. Step 3: The bees dehydrate the honey. ...
  4. Step 4: The bees cap the honeycomb with beeswax.
16 Oct 2019

How does nectar become honey? ›

How is Nectar Converted into Honey? When bees collect nectar, they chemically change it by using enzymes to bring about supersaturation. In bees' salivary glands, the enzyme invertase is produced. This is what the bees add to nectar to kick-start its transformation into honey.

What kills honey bees? ›

What kills bees instantly?
  • Pesticides or insecticides. Pesticides are chemicals with active ingredients that cause the death of bees. ...
  • Pesticides or insecticides. Pesticides are chemicals with active ingredients that cause the death of bees. ...
  • Electric bug zappers. ...
  • Electric bug zappers. ...
  • Bee traps. ...
  • Bee traps.

Do bees feel pain? ›

Study suggests all insects may be sentient. We swat bees to avoid painful stings, but do they feel the pain we inflict? A new study suggests they do, a possible clue that they and other insects have sentience—the ability to be aware of their feelings.

Why are vegans against bees? ›

For some vegans, this extends to honey, because it is produced from the labor of bees. Honey-avoiding vegans believe that exploiting the labor of bees and then harvesting their energy source is immoral — and they point out that large-scale beekeeping operations can harm or kill bees.

Can homemade honey make you sick? ›

Honey may contain natural toxins

The symptoms of poisoning due to honey consumption depend on the types and levels of the toxins. Common symptoms include nausea and vomiting. In severe cases, low blood pressure , shock, or even death may occur.

Can bacteria grow in raw honey? ›

Most bacteria and other microbes cannot grow or reproduce in honey i.e. they are dormant and this is due to antibacterial activity of honey. Various bacteria have been inoculated into aseptically collected honey held at 20°C. The result showed loss of bacterial viability within 8–24 days 27.

What is the oldest honey found? ›

The world's oldest honey sample was found in King Tut's tomb, which is still edible 3,000 years later.

How do you know if honey is pure? ›

Take a glass of vinegar water and add a few drops of honey to the glass. If the mixture starts forming a foam, then it indicates that your honey is impure or fake. However, if no foam is formed, it means that your honey is pure.

Does water expire? ›

Does Bottled Water Go Bad Over Time? In short, no, bottled water doesn't “go bad.” In fact, the FDA doesn't even require expiration dates on water bottles.

How is a honeycomb perfectly hexagonal? ›

The heat formed by the activity of the bees softens the wax, which creeps along the network between the holes. The wax hardens in the most energetically favorable configuration, which happens to be the rounded hexagonal pattern that honeycomb is famous for.

Why do bees make hexagon shapes? ›

Using hexagons enables bees to make very efficient use of space whilst using as little wax as possible. They hold the maximum amount of honey, whilst ensuring no space is wasted, because the hexagons fit tight, and side by side together, in a compact fashion.

How do Hornets make perfect hexagons? ›

Where walls intersect, the wasps sweep their antenna across neighboring walls and measure the angle of intersection, and they make the walls intersect in a symmetrical Y shape. They basically just build the Y intersection and then straight walls, and the hexagon develops from that.

What is true about bees hexagon construction of their hives? ›

Hexagons are useful shapes. They can hold the queen bee's eggs and store the pollen and honey the worker bees bring to the hive. When you think about it, making circles wouldn't work too well. It would leave gaps in the honeycomb.

Why are hexagons the strongest? ›

If you're into engineering (like us), you'll know that when a hexagon is joined it is commonly known as the strongest join. The way that 120º angles distribute forces against 2 of the hexagon sides makes it a very stable and mechanically efficient structure.

How do beekeepers calm bees? ›

We're often asked, “How do beekeepers avoid getting stung?” In short, it's by smoking their hives. Beekeepers use smoke to keep bees calm during hive inspections. When bees sense danger, they release an alarm pheromone called isopentyl acetate from a gland near their stingers.

What is the smell of honey? ›

Depending on its nectar source, honey can be floral, fruity, smoky, woody, spicy, nutty or earthy. It can smell fresh as grass or pungent like aged cheese.

Are bees mathematicians? ›

Honeybees are some of nature's finest mathematicians. Not only can they calculate angles and comprehend the roundness of the earth, these smart insects build and live in one of the most mathematically efficient architectural designs around: the beehive.

Are hexagons stronger than triangles? ›

The hexagon is the strongest shape known. Not many people know this but if you want something to hold a lot of weight pick a hexagon.

How do hornets move without killing them? ›

Use plain water. Wasps build nests in a dry, sheltered spot that is protected from the elements. You can encourage them to move to a different area (without killing them) by spraying the nest with a hose. Stand a good distance away and set your hose sprayer to a gentle, rain-like setting.

Do hornets have good memory? ›

All three hornet castes exhibited olfactory learning and memory, and gynes and drones were able to retain this memory for a long period of time, up to 30 days. Because of the evidently shorter life spans of the workers, we could not assess whether they possess such long-lasting memory.

Do bees make perfect hexagons? ›

Bees could build flat honeycombs from just three shapes: squares, triangles or hexagons. But for some reason, bees choose hexagons. Always "perfect" hexagons.

Why is a honeycomb structure so strong? ›

Due to the efficient hexagonal configuration, where walls support each other, compression strength of honeycomb cores is typically higher (at same weight) compared to other sandwich core structures such as, for instance, foam cores or corrugated cores.

How do honey bees use math? ›

It might seem a little strange — bees are insects, after all; what do they know about mathematics? A lot, it turns out. These eusocial flying insects can add, subtract and even comprehend the concept of zero. “You can see their decision-making process in their movements and flight patterns,” Howard said.

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