Describe the functions of leaves. (2024)

Leaf:

1. Leaf is the broad flattened structure of the plant containing the green pigment called chlorophyll which helps the plant perform photosynthesis.
2. Leaf contains minute pores called stomata where gaseous exchange and transpiration occurs.
3. The main functions of leaves are photosynthesis, exchange of gasses and transpiration.

Functions of Leaves

1. Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is the process of conversion of carbon dioxide and water to food (glucose) and oxygen in the presence of sunlight.
   • The green pigment called chlorophyll present in the leaves can entrap the solar energy which is used during photosynthesis.
   • The food (glucose) produced in photosynthesis is transported to the other parts of the plants from the leaf.

1. Exchange of Gasses: Exchange of gasses takes place through the minute pores called stomata.
   • Carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis moves in through the stomata while the oxygen moves out.
2. Transpiration: Removal of excess water in the form of water vapor through the stomata is called transpiration.
   • Excess water needs to be removed to cool down the leaf surface or allow the conduction of water from the roots.