Causes of early flowering in tabacco (2024)

JM Hopkinson


Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 20(6) 1061 - 1071
Published: 1969

Abstract

Two factors believed to be involved in the early flowering of tobacco, the timing of transplanting relative to seedling development, and the effects of low temperature, were investigated.

Early flowering in the field appeared to be due to the occurrence of floral induction in the seed-bed. If the shoot apex became irreversibly committed to flower before transplanting, flower initiation at a low node took place soon afterwards. The risk of floral induction in the seed-bed increased with seedling age, but diminished if the seedlings were retarded through drought.

In controlled conditions, ripeness-to-flower of a short-day cultivar was judged to be dependent on the attainment of a minimum plant size corresponding to a minimum leaf area of about 25 cm2, and was reached sooner at 30/25 than at 20/15°C. Floral induction, however, proceeded more quickly at the lower temperature. The minimum effective inductive period was 10 days, after which floral differentiation was quicker at the higher temperature. Thus the plant's response to temperature depended very much on its stage of development.

https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9691061

©CSIRO 1969

Causes of early flowering in tabacco (1)

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Causes of early flowering in tabacco (2024)

FAQs

What causes early flowering in tobacco? ›

Two factors believed to be involved in the carly flowering of tobacco, the timing of transplanting relative to seedling development, and the effects of low temperature, were investigated. Early flowering in the field appeared to be due to the occurrence of floral induction in the seed-bed.

What is the name of the tobacco flower? ›

Flowering tobacco, NIcotiana sylvestris. Tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) is a large group of plants in the nightshade family (Solanaceae). A few species are quite attractive and have been used as garden ornamentals for a long time.

How long does it take for tobacco to flower? ›

The first is premature bloom where a tobacco plant will start to bloom at approximately 3 to 6 weeks after transplanting. The plant will develop abnormal leaves that are strappy in appearance and resemble sucker growth more than normal plant growth.

What are the diseases of tobacco? ›

Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Smoking also increases risk for tuberculosis, certain eye diseases, and problems of the immune system, including rheumatoid arthritis.

Can stress cause early flowering? ›

The third type is induced by stresses and is named stress-induced flowering. It has been well documented that physiological stresses can induce flowering (Takeno, 2016) . Most plant species are amenable to stress-induced flowering (Wada & Takeno, 2010). ...

Which can induce early flowering? ›

Drought stress induces early flowering under LD conditions and delays flowering under SD conditions in Col-0 (but not in Ler) of Arabidopsis (Riboni et al., 2013). Expression of the flowering gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is involved in both stress-induced flowering and photoperiodic flowering, as discussed below.

How do you keep tobacco plants from flowering? ›

Deadhead spent blooms regularly to prolong the flowering season. Species nicotianas will self-seed if allowed. Grown as tender perennials, nicotianas can be overwintered outdoors in sheltered gardens. Simply cut back in autumn and mulch around the base of the plant for the best chances of regrowth the following spring.

How do you grow flowering tobacco? ›

Flowering tobacco prefers rich soil, which allows it to put on its best show of blooms. Feed immediately after planting with a balanced organic fertilizer. Then, continue to feed monthly throughout the growing season each year, which lasts from early summer until the first frost in the fall.

What does flowering tobacco look like? ›

Flowering tobacco plants generally have medium-green leaves. These leaves can be quite large in many species, especially in comparison to the flowers. They're usually hairy leaves and can be sticky to the touch, much like petunia plants.

How often do you water tobacco plants? ›

Tobacco usually requires an average of 1 in. per week of water for good growth.

Does the tobacco plant flower? ›

Nicotiania, also referred to as Night-scented Tobacco or Flowering Tobacco, is usually grown as an annual for its sweet-scented, white flowers that open only in the evening or during the cooler parts of the day.

Can you smoke flowering tobacco? ›

This plant is toxic in all its parts, smoking it is very risky. Smoking tobacco is a different species, N. tabacum.

What is the cause of tobacco disease? ›

Smoking can cause lung disease by damaging your airways and the small air sacs (alveoli) found in your lungs. Lung diseases caused by smoking include COPD, which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Cigarette smoking causes most cases of lung cancer.

What causes tobacco plant disease? ›

Tobacco mosaic is caused by Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the first virus ever identified. Numerous variants (strains) of the virus have subsequently been described. TMV survives in infected plants (including viable seeds), as well as in debris from these plants.

What are the different types of tobacco? ›

  • There is no safe form of tobacco use. All forms contain nicotine and can cause addiction and health problems. ...
  • Chew- see Smokeless Tobacco. Cigarettes. ...
  • Cigars, Cigarillos and Little Cigars. ...
  • Dip- see Smokeless Tobacco. ...
  • Electronic cigarette or E- cigarette (nicotine delivery system) ...
  • Hookah. ...
  • Kreteks. ...
  • Pipe.

Is early flowering good? ›

Early spring flowers are the surest sign that milder weather is on the way. These bulbs and perennials provide a splash of color before many other plants have started to leaf out after a long winter. Once you spot these blooms, you'll know it's soon time to get back to work in your garden!

What does early flowering mean? ›

Definitions of early-flowering. adjective. of plants that bloom during the spring. synonyms: early-blooming, late-spring-blooming, spring-blooming, spring-flowering vernal. of or characteristic of or occurring in spring.

Why is my plant flowering so early? ›

The first is that the plants were placed outdoors while there was still a dark period long enough to force flowering. The second cause might be that there was a dramatic change in the lighting environment.

Which hormone is used to induce flowering? ›

The protein hormone florigen has dual functions in flowering plants: the systemic boosting of flowering in the apical meristems and growth attenuation in other vegetative meristems.

Which hormone is responsible for flowering? ›

Florigen, or flowering hormone, is thought to be a protein insulin particle that controls or enhances the flower initiation process in plants. These florigens are made in the leaf and are found in the bud's stem and root apical meristems and growing tips.

Which hormones stimulate flowering? ›

Florigen is known as the flowering hormone which is responsible for controlling the flowering in plants. The production of florigen is done in the leaves of the plants. It acts in the shoot of the plant and the growing tips of the apical meristem. It is considered graft transmissible and works between the species.

What is the best fertilizer for tobacco plants? ›

Potassium nitrate (KNO3, NOP) is the only binary fertilizer that consists of the two major macro-nutrients nitrogen and potassium, which are required by most crops at largest amounts, and generally- at similar rates.

What nutrients do tobacco plants need? ›

Introduction. The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plant requires large quantities of primary macronutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) and secondary macronutrients including calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulphur (S) in order to attain high leaf yield and good quality.

What is the life cycle of a tobacco plant? ›

Under normal conditions, the tobacco plant has a rather uninspiring lifespan. They grow for three or four months, according to Investor's Business Daily, reaching 6.5 feet (2 meters) in height at the most, while their older leaves turn yellow and fall off. After flowering, the plants die.

What Colour are tobacco flowers? ›

Nicotiana tabacum – Common tobacco can be grown in gardens for ornamental purposes but to harvest a crop of tobacco leaves requires payment of a tax. Flowers are white with a pink tinge.

What can you do with tobacco flowers? ›

Basic Info. Tobacco flowers can be found by cutting down the tobacco plant. The flower can be used in plant cultivation to grow the tobacco plant, however it will need to be dried first. Tobacco flowers will naturally dry within 12 hours if left in the players backpack.

What does flowering rush look like? ›

Flowering rush is an invasive aquatic plant species that resembles a large sedge and produces aesthetically pleasing, pink flowers. A typical plant produces 20 – 50 flowers which emerge from early summer to mid fall and grow in a cluster that resembles an umbrella.

Do bees like flowering tobacco? ›

Tobacco has nicotine in its nectar, though in much lower concentrations than in the body of the plant itself. This new research shows that the drug may actually attract bees, rather than repel them, in the right dose.

Do you pinch flowering tobacco? ›

Nicotiana will begin to bloom in early summer. After each set of blooms, prune plants as needed. Pinch or deadhead spent flowers to promote reblooming. Plants are annuals that are very susceptible to frost.

Do tobacco plants need lots of water? ›

Add water as often as necessary to keep the soil surface moist, but avoid excessive water. Small amounts of fertilizer will be needed to produce the transplants. A tobacco fertilizer should contain little or no chlorine and most of the nitrogen should be in the nitrate form.

Does tobacco take a lot of water to grow? ›

Tobacco is a very resource-demanding crop to grow. It requires a lot of water and nutrients, and when mismanaged, tobacco farming can lead to soil depletion and desertification -- which makes already scarce land no longer arable for growing necessary food crops.

Do tobacco plants need full sun? ›

Transplant them after all dangers of frost have passed To grow its broad leaves, tobacco plants require full sun. If it grows partial sun, its leaves will be skinny. Tobacco prefers soil with a pH of 5.8 and well-drained soils.

How are tobacco plants pollinated? ›

Nicotinia attenuata, a type of wild US tobacco, is usually pollinated by hawkmoths. To lure them in, it opens its flowers at night and releases alluring chemicals. But pollinating hawkmoths often lay their eggs on the plants they visit and the voracious caterpillars start eating the plants.

Is flowering tobacco invasive? ›

It blooms frequently along roadways, trails, abandoned fields and other disturbed areas. Tree tobacco is native to South America. It was planted around the world as an ornamental garden plant and jumped the garden fence into the native wildlands of many countries. It is classified as invasive in California.

What do tobacco flowers smell like? ›

Also known as flowering tobacco, nicotiana is grown in most zones as an annual. It has slender, tubular white flowers growing above large green leaves, and the jasmine-like scent is strongest after dark.

What is flower in smoking? ›

'Flower' refers to the smokeable, trichome-enriched part of a cannabis plant. Flower is the most popular form of cannabis consumption due to it's versatility and methods of use; it can be smoked using a pipe, bowl, or bong. It can also be rolled into a joint or blunt and even used for cooking.

Why are tobacco plants sticky? ›

It has sticky glands covering all its surfaces that regularly snare and kill small insects such as gnats, aphids and small flies.

What kind of plant is tobacco? ›

Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, is an herbaceous annual or perennial plant in the family Solanaceae grown for its leaves. The tobacco plant has a thick, hairy stem and large, simple leaves which are oval in shape.

Which virus causes disease in tobacco? ›

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a plant virus that belongs to the genus Tobamovirus. It is named so because it majorly infects tobacco plants, potatoes, tomatoes and other members of the Solanaceae family.

Is there a cigarette Emoji? ›

The cigarette emoji, 🚬, shows a lit cigarette. It's used for smoking cigarettes, cigars, and especially marijuana joints. It's occasionally associated with relaxing, partying, bad boys, sexiness, and having an attitude.

What are the 3 causes of plant disease? ›

The disease triangle points out that, three favorable conditions must coexist to cause a disease problem. These three are the virulent pathogen (one that can cause disease), a susceptible host (plant) and suitable environmental conditions.

Which is the most common cause of plant disease? ›

Most plant diseases – around 85 percent – are caused by fungal or fungal-like organisms. However, other serious diseases of food and feed crops are caused by viral and bacterial organisms. Certain nematodes also cause plant disease.

What causes leaf disease? ›

The majority of leaf spot diseases are caused by fungi, but a few diseases are caused by bacteria or other pathogens. Many pathogens are somewhat host-specific and will only cause disease on trees in the same family. Almost all trees and shrubs are susceptible to one or more leaf spot diseases.

What are the 3 types of tobacco? ›

You may recognize some of the forms, such as cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and chewing tobacco.

What is another name for tobacco? ›

What is another word for tobacco?
cigarettecrop
smokingcigar
leafplant
shagsnuff
weed

What is blue tobacco? ›

A medium-bodied, richly-flavored pipe tobacco.

What triggers flowering? ›

At specific times of year, flowering plants produce a protein known as Flowering Locus T in their leaves that induces flowering. Once this protein is made, it travels from the leaves to the shoot apex, a part of the plant where cells are undifferentiated, meaning they can either become leaves or flowers.

What is early-flowering? ›

Definitions of early-flowering. adjective. of plants that bloom during the spring. synonyms: early-blooming, late-spring-blooming, spring-blooming, spring-flowering vernal. of or characteristic of or occurring in spring.

What does early bloom mean? ›

Definitions of early-blooming. adjective. of plants that bloom during the spring. synonyms: early-flowering, late-spring-blooming, spring-blooming, spring-flowering vernal. of or characteristic of or occurring in spring.

How do you reduce flowering time? ›

FEWER HOURS OF LIGHT PER DAY

You can significantly speed-up the growing cycle of a photoperiod strain by exposing it to around 10–11 hours of light each day. Reduced light exposure will trick your plants into thinking autumn is just around the corner.

What nutrients increase flowering? ›

Phosphorus (P) promotes root growth, promotes flowering & fruit set, and disease resistance.

Which chemical is responsible for flowering? ›

So, the correct answer is 'Florigen'.

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