- What is a penny stock?
- Risk and rewards of penny stocks
- How to trade penny stocks
- Top UK penny stock gainers
What is a penny stock?
Penny stocks or penny shares are common stock that trade with a share price below £1 in the UK and below $5 in the US. As they are small, low-valued businesses, they offer higher risk and reward to traders.
Penny stocks are regarded as a more speculative investment than larger businesses because they are geared for growth and often loss-making, with many yet to generate any income or develop a viable product or service.
The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has formally defined a US penny stock as one with a share price below $5 per share, having previously been a stock below $1 per share beforehand. Many of these are quoted over-the-counter (OTC) but some also trade on exchanges.
The UK does not have its own formal definition although a penny stock is generally considered to have a share price of below £1, with most confined to AIM.
Ready to buy or trade UK penny stocks? Open an account to get started, or practise trading with a demo account.
What are the risks and rewards associated with penny stocks?
A number of well-known companies started off as penny stocks. Those that invested in companies such as Ford Motor Co or JD Sports Fashion in the early stages have been well rewarded, however it is important to stress that many penny stocks ultimately fail and that investing can be highly speculative.
The share prices of penny stocks can be volatile, either as a result of lower liquidity or because it is sensitive to news and market developments. Penny stocks can turn into a huge success or an utter failure overnight: winning or losing one contract or the level of success of a new product, for example, can decide their future. Many penny stocks have no track record and it is not uncommon for them to have no assets, operations or revenue.
Products and service offerings are often still in development and yet to be tested in the actual market. This could range from a small pharma stock developing a new drug to a junior miner digging for gold in foreign destinations, both of which are highly risky endeavours but ones that can be transformational if they are successful.
News coverage and analysis of penny stocks is harder to come by compared to gaining insight into larger, more popular stocks, and issues of corruption and fraud tend to be more prominent, although even the largest stocks are exposed to these matters too.
Read more about Singapore's penny stock crash of 2013
It is also worth noting that penny stocks are more likely to raise equity from investors on an ongoing basis as it gives them a way of securing vital funds for growth if traditional lenders refuse to provide debt, or if any available debt is too pricey. Each fundraising dilutes the shareholding of existing investors and devalues the price per share.
How to trade penny stocks
- Decide whether you want to invest in penny stocks or if you want to trade them. You buy the shares outright from just £3 when you invest using an IG share dealing account and receive any dividends that are paid out. This is not the case when you trade penny stocks, but you can boost the risk and returns by utilising leverage with IG’s spread betting or CFD services
- Research which penny stocks you want to buy or trade
- Open an IG account to get started, or try your strategy out risk-free by opening an IG demo account
- Make your first investment or place your first trade
What are the best penny stocks to trade?
There is an array of penny stocks operating in a broad range of industries for investors to choose from, including some names that will be well known to UK investors and consumers. While some penny stocks are small firms chasing growth there are some big names that have subsequently become penny stocks following steep falls in value.
The two tables below outline the UK penny stocks that have reported the biggest gains and losses in their share prices over the last three months. The qualification criteria is solely based on companies having a share price less than £1, regardless of the firm’s market capitalisation.
Top 10 UK penny stock gainers
Below is a list of the ten UK penny stocks that have delivered the biggest gains in share price over the three months to 17 January 2020:
| Description | Three-month price movement | Share price | |
| Eurasia Mining | Platinum group metal miner in Russia | 717% | 3.84p |
| Oracle Power | Coal producer in Pakistan | 368% | 1.08p |
| AFC Energy | Fuel cell maker for clean energy | 365% | 21.2p |
| Intercede | ID software provider | 97% | 62.6p |
| KEFI Minerals | Gold and copper miner in Ethiopia and Saudi Arabia | 89% | 1.44p |
| Richland Resources | Cash shell | 88% | 0.11p |
| Image Scan Holdings | X-ray equipment for security, borders, airports, etc | 83% | 2.01p |
| Infrastructure India | Closed-ended fund investing in Indian infrastructure | 76% | 2.9p |
| Stanley Gibbons Group | Specialist retailer of collectables | 70% | 3.91p |
| Dillistone Group | Software provider to the recruitment industry | 51% | 37p |
Eurasia Mining
Eurasia Mining has reported the largest gains in share price of any UK-listed penny stock over the past three months (and for 2019 as a whole). Shares spiked after the company announced that two major investment banks – China’s CITIC and Russia’s VTB Capital – were helping the company explore the ‘strategic options’ it has for its mining assets that lie in Russia.
This includes the potential sale of its Kola and Urals assets that, if completed, would turn the miner into a cash shell. News on this front has been slow since late October but a possible sale is still on the cards. The two banks will only be paid if they are successful in finding a suitable deal, which makes it more likely.
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Oracle Power
Oracle Power shares started to gain momentum in mid-December when the company announced it had signed a major deal with two formidable partners to develop its coal mine and adjoining power plant in Pakistan. It has struck a deal with a subsidiary of one of the world’s largest energy companies, China Coal, and The Private Office of HH Sheik Ahmed Dalmook Juma AL Maktoum, owned by the company’s aforementioned member of the UAE’s royal family.
The joint development agreement followed on from the project being named as a priority project in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor agreement struck between the two countries. China Coal, which will own 73% of the project, will be responsible for raising the funding needed while The Private Office, owning 15% (leaving Oracle with the remaining 12%), will help Oracle get in front of the people it needs to get it approved by regulators and ministers. It is still early days for the project, but the company has the support it needs to install long-term confidence behind it.
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AFC Energy
Early investors in AFC Energy have been rewarded as the stock has managed to largely maintain sharp gains in early November, prompted by the company unveiling its inaugural range of products following years of research and development.
It said its alkaline fuel cell technology ‘has become synonymous with low cost, high efficiency, and fuel tolerant hydrogen power generators’, which can be used for things like hydrogen-fuelled charging stations for electric vehicles. It has since released further good news, including details on how some of its technology can be used in more applications beyond fuel cells, giving the company further upside potential.
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Intercede
Intercede Group shares have gained ground since the company announced it had managed to book a small operating profit in the six months to the end of September 2019 for the first time in six years. Revenues rose 5% and costs fell by 9%, while cash generation picked up to bolster the amount of cash in the bank.
This has been largely down to the release of a more scalable version of its ID and cybersecurity software that has allowed it to target a larger market. It is yet to release an update, but shareholders are hoping this is the start of something big. Chairman Chuck Pol said the first-half (H1) results ‘do not represent the full story of the progress that has been made to refocus the group’s strategy towards sustainable revenue growth and profitability’.
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KEFI Minerals
KEFI Minerals shares rallied in early November after the company said the Ethiopian government had finally given it the all-clear to secure investment into its flagship project after being hit by delays caused by ‘administrative arrangements’. The government and KEFI’s partner, ANS Mining, are ploughing money into the Tulu Kapi gold project, which looks set to be highly profitable considering it forecasts its open-pit operation will have all-in sustaining costs of just $800 per ounce – with gold prices currently north of $1500.
It is hoping to produce 140,000 ounces annually for seven years to tap its 1.1 million ounces of reserves, and said the project could be the single largest-export for the country. The stock has government support and looks to be bringing a major new project in development at the right time based on the current gold price. Plus, it has an earlier stage gold and metals project in Saudi Arabia which gives the stock further potential going forward.
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Richland Resources
Richland Resources shares rallied in December as the company finalised a deal to sell its Capricorn Sapphire project in Australia. A company named Fura Gems purchased the project at the end of December after exercising an option, which saw it pay $1.25 million - $880,000 of which was used to repay lenders. This has left Richland as a cash shell with no material assets.
This means it has to complete a reverse takeover of a new business within the next six months (before the end of June 2020) or it could turn itself into an investment company if it can raise at least £6 million in fresh capital. Richland is searching for a new opportunity after raiding £150,000 in a placing at a price of 0.1p, stating it is ‘seeking to identify a suitable reverse takeover transaction in the mining sector’.
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Image Scan Holdings
Investors in Image Scan Holdings have shown belief in the company’s prospects this year after delivering mixed results in the 12 months to the end of September 2019. The company’s sales dropped by almost one-third and it turned to a loss, but its order book more than tripled, margins improved and it secured new contracts that have given it a solid foundation to build on in the new financial year, including an £800,000 deal for its ThreatScan portable X-ray systems with an unnamed European country.
Chairman and chief executive Bill Mawer said in early December, when the annual results were released, that: ‘It is disappointing to be reporting a decline in sales and profits. However, while the portable X-ray market has undoubtably become more competitive, recent orders show that our strong product range and focused international sales activity can still deliver. I am pleased to report that we start the new financial year with an order book that includes more portable systems than were delivered in all of last year.’
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Infrastructure India
Infrastructure India shares jumped higher in the run-up to the release of its interim results in mid-December. The company said the value of its investments, all in infrastructure projects in India, had grown to nearly £260 million at the end of September 2019 from just £180 million a year earlier, pushing its net asset value up to 22p per share from 16p. Although this was partly driven by a stronger rupee versus the pound and lower yields on Indian bonds, it also said the outlook for its largest investment had improved. It said last year was a ‘period of investment’ but it is now looking to ‘commission, ramp up and complete all of its existing terminal facilities’ going forward.
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Stanley Gibbons Group
Stanley Gibbons Group shares soared higher in December in the weeks after it released interim results that showed its turnaround strategy is starting to pay off.
The firm, known for selling collectables and high-value stamps, refinanced the business and launched a plan to transform the company nearly two years ago and said its results in the six months to the end of September 2019 were the first to ‘clearly show the progress which is being made’. Sales were up 34% year-on-year (YoY) and its loss from continuing operations was nearly three times as small as the year before as its legacy issues begin to fall away. ‘While most of the legacy issues are behind us we have not become complacent and recognise that there is still a lot to do to rebuild trust from our clients and the market,’ said chairman Harry Wilson. ‘The collectibles market for stamps and coins has remained strong despite the economic uncertainties elsewhere and we have two of the strongest brands in the world to take advantage of this.’ This is a stock in recovery mode that is hoping to reap the rewards of its heavy investment and restructuring in recent years.
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Dillistone Group
Dillistone Group is another stock that is hoping to recover after restructuring the business.
The company, which provides software to the recruitment industry, has been integrating its business units so they work closer together and relocating major operations out of London and into Basingstoke to help reduce costs. Dillistone has said its two largest divisions, Dillistone Systems and Voyager Software, will return to profit in 2019 and that GatedTalent will report a narrower loss on higher revenue. However, it said overall revenue will be below expectations and that it will stay in the red in the year to the end of December 2019, partly because of ‘the continuing uncertainty over Brexit in the UK and ongoing economic uncertainty in the wider world’. Shares gained momentum as the UK general election drew to a close, installing some certainty over where Brexit is headed. Shareholders can expect an improvement in results when it releases its 2019 earnings, but they are waiting for the rewards of its efforts to start coming through in 2020.
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